旅游产业集群动力机制研究——基于产业价值链与空间价值链视角

The Research on Dynamic Mechanism of Tourism Industry Cluster——Based on Industry Value Chain and Space Value Chain

近年来,伴随着我国旅游市场的不断扩大和旅游产业的转型升级,旅游产业呈现出明显的集群特点和趋势。文章从价值链角度,对旅游产业集群形成与发展的内在机理进行了分析研究。首先阐明了价值链视角下的旅游产业集群及其动力机制的内涵;其次提炼了旅游产业集群的产业价值链"四链"服务层次与空间价值链"四环"空间结构的特点,并分别采用上海与张家界两个案例进行了论证;最后总结了旅游产业集群两个维度下的动力机制,包括产业价值链延伸扩展机制及空间价值链优化配置机制,前者具体体现在集群要素产业高端化、集群要素产业融合化及集群要素产业均衡化,后者主要包括环内竞争性优化配置及环间合作性优化配置,而且产业价值链延伸扩展机制及空间价值链优化配置机制既是相互独立又相互补充的。通过以上研究,文章希望既在学术上完善对旅游产业集群动力机制的理论研究,又在实践中对我国旅游产业发展提供了有益的指导。

With the development of the tourism market and the industrial restructuring and upgrading, tourism industry has shown increasing obvious characteristics and trends in cluster development. This paper analyzes the internal mechanism of the formation and development of the tourism industry cluster in the perspective of the value chain. Firstly, this paper clarifies the meaning and the dynamic mechanism of the tourism industry cluster in the perspective of the value chain. Secondly, this paper demonstrates the Shanghai and Zhangjiajie two cases based on the research that refining the value chain ＆quot;fo ur-chain＆quot; service levels of the tourism industry cluster and the spatial characteristics of space value chain ＆quot; four-ring＆quot; space structure. Finally, this paper summarizes the two dimensions of the tourism industry cluster, including the industry value chain extended mechanism and the optimization mechanism of the space value chain, the former one is characterize of cluster＆#39;s elements industrial high-end, industrial integration of cluster＆#39;s elements and industries equalization of cluster＆#39;s elements, the latter one mainly includes the inner ring competitive optimal allocation and the cooperation optimal allocation between the ring and the former one and the latter one is both independent and mutually complementary. Through these studies, the paper not only hopes to improve the theoretical study of the dynamic mechanism of the tourism industry cluster academically, but also provides a useful guide for the development of China＆#39;s tourism industry in practice.