新型催化剂载体碳化硅的研究现状

Silicon Carbide as a Novel Support for Heterogeneous Catalysis

碳化硅(SiC)具有较好的导热性,较强的抗氧化性及很高的机械强度,作为新型催化剂载体在强放热、高腐蚀性、液相催化等反应中有很好的应用前景,近年来受到广泛关注。目前关于SiC载体的研究主要集中在三个方面:(1)高比表面积多孔SiC材料的制备;(2)基于现有商业化低比表面积SiC材料的表面碳化;(3)对SiC载体进行杂原子掺杂等表面功能化。本文中,我们主要对以上三个方面的研究现状做简要综述。重点介绍SiC的结构与物理化学性质,SiC作为新型载体在非均相催化反应中的应用以及基于6H-SiC(0001)衬底的表面化学研究。

In recent years, increasing attention has been attracted for silicon carbide （SiC） in the field of catalysis as a potential catalyst support owing to its excellent thermal conductivity, relative chemical inertness, and high mechanical strength. SiC-supported catalysts are reported to exhibit superior catalytic performance in strong exothermal, severely corrosive and liquid-phase reactions. Nowadays, the researches towards SiC as a catalyst support focus on the following issues： the synthesis of high surface area SiC, the formation of carbide- derived carbon （CDC） on the low surface area SiC, and the surface functionalization of SiC. In this review, we address all of the above-mentioned issues. This article is arranged in three sections ranging from the experimental results over technical SiC-supported catalysts to surface chemistry studies on SiC single crystals. The first section introduces the structure and properties of SiC ; the second section covers SiC as a novel support in heterogeneous catalysis; and the surface science studies on the 6H-SiC（0001 ） substrate are highlighted in the last section.