士兵人体成分对心肺功能及体能的影响

EFFECT OF BODY COMPOSITION ON CARDIOPULMONARY FUNCTION AND PHYSICAL FITNESS

目的 :了解部队战士人体成分与心肺功能及体能的关系 ,以探讨提高士兵体能的有效途径。方法 :研究对象为某部队步兵连士兵及卫生员训练队学员 ;应用生物电阻抗法测定人体成份 ;心肺功能及体能指标包括血压、晨脉、心功能指数、肺活量、10 0m跑、立定跳远、立定投弹、引体向上、俯卧撑 ,其中的体能指标按GJB 1337- 92进行测定和评价。结果 :连队士兵体重、生物电阻抗、体脂重、体脂含量明显低于卫训队学员 ,而瘦体重、瘦体含量明显高于卫训队 ;两组舒张压、晨脉、心功能指数有明显差别 ,连队心脏功能明显优于卫训队 ;除 10 0m跑和立定跳远外 ,其它运动能力连队均明显高于卫训队 ;肥胖及运动能力平均分 <50的人数 ,卫训队明显多于连队 ;瘦体组织与连队及卫训队运动能力平均分均为显著正相关 ,而卫训队体脂含量与运动能力为显著负相关。结论 :士兵人体成分对心肺功能及体能有一定影响 ,增加士兵的瘦体组织成分 。

Objective:To study the relation between body composition and cardiaopulmonary functions and physical fitness so as to explore the efficacious way to enhance physical fitness. Methods:Two groups of military personnels, the soldiers of an infantry company and the the students in a training unit for health workers, were investigated. Body composition was measured by bioelectric impedance analysis(BIA), and the indexes of pulmonary functions and physical fitness were assayed and evaluated according to GJB 1337-92 Results:Body weight, BIA, fat mass(F), F%,diastolic blood pressure,morning pulse rate and cardiac function index of the soldiers were significantly lower than those of students, while lean mass(L) and L% were on the contrary. The cardiac function of soldiers was better than that of students and the exercise capacity of the former were superior to those of the latter except for 100 m running and standing long jump. The percentage of obesity and the average score of exercise capacity <50 was higher in students than in soldiers. There was positive correlation between L amd physical fitness while negative correlation between F and physical fitness. Conclusion:The body composition may influence the cardiaopulmonary functions and physical fitness to a certain degree. To increase lean mass composition may be beneficial to enhancing exercise capacity.