吕祖谦门人及吕学与浙东学术的发展关系

How Lü Zuqian's Disciples and Their Studies on Lü Have to do with Development of Eastern-Zhejiang School

吕祖谦是南宋著名的思想家、教育家、文学家,是乾淳年间最受欢迎且成就最高的老师。当时多云从教千人,今可考者初步统计仍有219人。吕祖谦门下多出俊杰,或为政治领袖,或为学术领袖。这些门下为宋元社会发展取得的成就作出了重大贡献,使吕祖谦的学术对后代发挥了影响。浙东学术成为一个时代的学术、一种独立的学术,成为中国学术史上一个重要的发展环节,时移境迁不断地发展壮大,这一现象发生在浙江,而不是朱熹所在的福建,或陆九渊所在的江西以及其他地区,是与吕祖谦的倡导与亲身实践分不开的。今人多将浙东学术的发展归功于朱熹而忽略吕祖谦,有些数典忘祖,这是受朱陆门户恶争影响的结果。我们需要开拓、改换思路,加大对吕祖谦甚至其门生的研究,甩掉多年门户之争留下的惯性,追寻吕祖谦学术的真成就,追寻南宋学术研究的新思路。

A famous Chinese thinker, educator and writer in the Southern Song dynasty （ 1127 - 1279）, Lti Zu-qian proves to be one of the greatest and most popular teachers during the 1160s -1180s, followed re- putedly by thousands of disciples, 219 of whom are identified today. Most of his disciples become political or academic elites, who contribute a lot to the social development of China during the 12＇h -13th centuries and carry forward Ltl＇ s doctrines to later generations. The Eastern-Zhejiang School marks an era of independent research and a milestone in China＇ s academic history; its lasting prosperity in Zhejiang, rather than in Zhu Xi＇s （1130- 1200） hometown Fujian Province or Lu Jiuyuan＇ s （1139 -1193 ） Jiangxi or anywhere else, is attributed to Lti＇ s advocacy and practice of his doctrines. Many scholars today owe the achievements of the School to Zhu rather to Lti, ignoring that Lti＇ s obscurity is chiefly the result of his discords with Zhu. It is, therefore, necessary for us to address the issue in different perspectives, inte himself and his disciples and discovering Lti＇ s true academic achievements, to the academic research during the Southern Song period. nsifying the unbiased study on Lti thereby exploring new approaches