循证护理在眼科临床教学中的应用

Application of evidence-based nursing in teaching in department of ophthalmology

目的：评价循证护理在眼科临床教学中的效果。方法将2011年4月至2012年3月在西南医院眼科参加临床实习的50名护生按照专科生、本科生数目对等的方法，随机分为对照组和实验组，对照组给予传统眼科护理教学，实验组在此基础上采用循证的方法实施护理带教。实习结束后对2组护生采用问卷评分和出科考试评价实施效果。采用Excel 2003软件整理数据，用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析，对问卷评分进行χ2检验；以≥60分的人数作为有效的指标，对两组学生出科考试成绩行t检验，以P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果实验组问卷评分60以上人数均多于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（χ2=6.818， P=0.018）。对照组理论考试平均成绩（67.12±11.53）分，实验组理论考试平均成绩（84.96±9.27）分；对照组实践操作考试平均成绩（65.68±8.0）分，实验组实践操作考试平均成绩（80.28±10.65）分，2组比较差异均有统计学意义（P值均等于0.000）。结论眼科临床教学中采用循证护理干预，能使护生在眼科护理实习期间学会思考，善于查阅文献，敢于用批判的思维提出问题，能够以科学研究结果及亲身经验作为依据，掌握专业、科学的眼科护理，从而提高护理实践能力。

Objective To evaluate the role of evidence-based nursing in clinical ophthalmology teaching. Methods Fifty nursing interns in department of ophthalmology in Southwest Hospital were randomized into control group and observation group in accordance with the principle of equal number of junior college students and undergraduates. Traditional teaching was applied in control group while clinical ophthalmology teaching combined with traditional teaching was used in observation group. Teaching effect was evaluated at the end of internship by questionnaire and examination. Data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 using χ2 test and independent sample t test（taking students with score ≥60 as effective indicator）. P〈0.05 indicated significant difference. Results Scores of questionnaire and examination were higher in observation group than in control group, with statistically significant differ-ence（ χ2=6.818, P=0.018）. Theoretical exam score was 67.12±11.53 in control group and 84.96± 9.27 in observation group; practical score was 65.68±8.0 in control group and 80.28±10.65 in observation group with significant differences between two groups （P=0.000）. Conclusions Adoption of evidence-based nursing intervention in ophthalmic clinical teaching help students learn to think, consult literature and use critical thinking to raise questions during the internship. It also makes stu-dents regard the results of scientific research and personal experience as the basis for mastering pro-fessional and scientific expertise, thereby enhancing the ability of nursing practice.