张锡纯中风先兆理论探讨

Discussion on Zhang Xichun Stroke Precursor Theory

民国医家张锡纯对中风具有独到的认识,并认为中风重在预防,提出了中风先兆症的概念。根据中风先兆的病因病机可分为脑贫血型和脑充血型。脑贫血型为劳逸失常或久病失养,导致胸中大气虚损而上升到脑部的减少,血随气升,故脑部血供不足,脑髓神经失养,而出现先兆症状,属于虚证;脑充血型为情志不遂,饮食不节,劳逸过度,年高肝肾阴亏,导致肝阳上亢或肝气化火上炎,肝气上升太过,肺胃之气随之上逆,血随气升,导致脑部充血过多,充塞血管,令脑髓神经功能一过性失司,而出现先兆症状,属于实证。

Chinese republic doctor Zhang Xichun has unique understanding on stroke,and he believes that stroke should be paid atten- tion to prevention, and puts forward the concept of premonitory apoplexy syndrome. Stroke precursor can be divided into anemia in the brain type and brain haemorrhage type according to the pathogenesis. Anemia in the brain type is due to disorders of wok and rest or loss of nourishment with a long illness, which leads to chest qi deficiency and the brain gains less, blood lifts with qi, so the brain shortage of blood, brain nerve loss of nourishment, then premonitory symptoms appear, this belonging to deficiency syndrome ; brain haemorrhage type is caused by depression of emotion,improper diet, excessive work or rest, senior hepatorenal yin deficiency leading to liver-yang hy- peractivity or liver fire flaming, liver-qi rising too,lung and stomach qi on inverse, blood lifts with qi, so the blood vessels of brain hyper- emia,then transient brain nerve function deficit, premonitory symptoms appear, this belonging to excessive syndrome.