施用保水剂对生菜生长发育的影响

Effects of super absorbent polymers on lettuce growth

通过在盆栽生菜中施用3种保水剂,研究保水剂对土壤淋溶情况及生菜生长发育的影响。结果表明,(1)在模拟干旱和非干旱两种情况下,与对照相比,施用3种保水剂都显著降低了淋溶液体积及电导率值,起到显著的保水、保肥效果;(2)施用保水剂显著提高了生菜叶片的叶绿素含量(SPAD值),增加了植株地上部鲜重;(3)施用保水剂的生菜叶片明显比对照鲜绿,说明保水剂处理能够提高生菜的商品性状;(4)与对照相比,施入保水剂后的生菜根系明显变细变长,对照的根系较短粗;(5)自制保水剂层施与混施相比,两次淋溶情况、SPAD值及增产效果都为层施优于混施,初步推断保水剂层施效果较好。施用保水剂既能使生菜增产、提高商品性状,又能降低淋溶损失、减少环境危害,是一种值得推广的农业栽培管理方法。

The effects of soil leaching and growth of lettuce in pot experiment by using three kinds of super absorbent polymers（ SAP） were studied. The results indicated that：（ 1） Under simulated drought and no-drought conditions,application of three kinds of SAP significantly reduced the volume of leaching solution and EC value and played a significant role on the retention of water and fertilizers;（ 2） SAP significantly improved the SPAD value of lettuce leaf,and increased aboveground fresh weight of lettuce;（ 3） Lettuce leaves were obviously greener compared with CK,which incdicated that the commodity character of lettuces was improved under SAP treatment;（ 4） Compared with the quite thick roots of CK treatment,lettuce roots were obviously more slender under SAP treatment;（ 5） Compared layer application with mixed application of homemade SAP, SPAD value and yield effect of the former practice were better than mixed application. Application of SAP could not only increase the lettuce yield but also improve commodity character,reduce the leaching loss and environmental hazard. Therefore, it is a kind of superior agricultural cultivation management practice.