油茶蒲中没食子酸的酸提取工艺

Optimzing acid extraction technology of gallic acid from fruit hull of Camellia oleifera Abel

油茶是我国特有的油料树种。油茶果是油茶树的果实,它由油茶蒲和油茶籽构成,其中油茶蒲约占油茶果质量的60%。以油茶蒲为原料,采用酸提取法提取油茶蒲中的没食子酸。以高效液相色谱为检测手段,分析比较最佳的酸种类,确定采用盐酸进行提取。通过盐酸浓度、提取时间、料液3个单因素实验,确定正交实验的水平,优化提取工艺。通过正交实验确定没食子酸提取率的影响因素大小为:酸浓度>提取时间>料液比,没食子酸的最佳工艺为:盐酸浓度0.75 mol/L、提取时间3 h、料液比1:40,在此条件下,没食子酸的提取率为8.94 mg/g。

Camellia oleifera Abel is China＇s special oil plant. The fruit of Camellia oleifera Abel is composed of fruit hull and seed, and the fruit hull accounts for about 60% wet weight of the fruit. Using the fruit hull of Camellia oleifera Abel as material, the yields of acid extracting gallic acid from the fruit hull of Camellia oleifera Abel were studied. Using HPLC as detection method, the yields of gallic acid which were extracted by different kinds of acid were analyzed, and the results turned out that hydrochloric acid was the best acid. Based on the three single-factor tests of the concentration of hydrochloric acid, extraction time and the ratio of solid to liquid, orthogonal experiments were determined, optimize extraction process. Through orthogonal experiments, the influencing factors of gallic acid were： the concentration of hydrochloric acid〉extraction time〉the ratio of solid to liquid. The optimum technology for gallic acid was： the concentration of hydrochloric acid was 0.75 mot/L, the extraction time was 3 h, and the ratio of solid to liquid was 1：40. Under this condition, the yield of gallic acid was 8.94 mg/g.