从自主创新到创新获利

From Independent Innovation to Profiting from Innovation

自主创新并不等于创新获利。创新获利策略对于保护和开发以创新为基础的企业竞争优势至关重要。对于本土企业而言,知识产权保护是应对专利丛林和参与开放式创新的有力武器;本土企业可以利用互补性资产的互补性弱化领先企业的技术优势,利用可移动性增加讨价还价能力;可以借助领先优势、网络效应和技术标准巩固竞争优势。本土企业创新获利策略选择受到技术能力、产品生命周期和国家知识产权保护水平的影响,应根据技术特点,抓住竞争关键点动态实施获利策略。仅有创新获利策略无法获得持续竞争优势,动态能力才是关键。颠覆者和系统创新者要提升架构管理能力;核心创新者要重视行业秘密保护,不断提高持续创新能力;外围创新者和互补性资产所有者要增加互补性资产再投资。

Independent innovation does not equal to profit. Profiting from Innovation （PFI） strategy is important for Chinese firms to protect and develop their competitive advantage based on technological innovation. Intellectual property rights （IPR）of Chinese firms constitute the most effective weapon, whose protecting or opening depends upon that if the system value has been enhanced. Complementary assets of Chinese firms, with their complementarity, help to weaken the technological advantages of leading enterprises, while the mobility adds to their bargaining power in the value chain. Leading position, network effect and dominant design can enhance the role of PFI strategy played for Chinese firms to promote their competitive advantages. The enterprise scale and technological R＆D features determine the adoption of appropriability mechanism of Chinese firms. Product lifecycle of Chinese firms and intellectual property right protection level of their country influences their choice of PFI strategy. Chinese firms should seize the chance of transfer about industrial competition key point and launch a dynamic adoption of PFI strategy based on their own technical characters.