长木蜂蜂粮中10-羟基-2-癸稀酸测定及功能活性研究

Detection and function activity of 10- Hydroxy- 2- decenoic acid in the bee bread of Xylocopa tranquebarorum

10-羟基-2-癸烯酸是不饱和脂肪酸,主要由工蜂的上颚腺分泌,是蜂王浆中含有的特殊高效生物活性物质。本文采用高效液相色谱仪初步测定在长木蜂蜂粮中有10-羟基-2-癸烯酸存在;采用花粉液体培养法测定10-羟基-2-癸烯酸对长木蜂酿贮蜂粮所采集的紫藤、芍药和牡丹花粉萌发和花粉管生长均表现明显的抑制作用。其中10-HDA为156.25μg/mL的培养液上,对二月兰花粉的萌发抑制率达70%以上;在含有625μg/mL10-HDA的培养液上,对紫藤花粉的萌发抑制率达76%以上;在含有312.5μg/mL 10-HDA的培养液上,对芍药花粉的萌发抑制率接近70%。初步推断长木蜂蜂粮在贮酿过程中雌蜂分泌的10-HDA对花粉萌发有抑制作用。

10 -Hydroxy -2 -decenoic acid （HDA） as an unsaturated fatty acid and active component in royal jelly, which is secreted from the mandibular gland of Bee worker. The 10 - HDA in bee bread of Xylocopa tranquebarorum was detected by high performance liquid chromatography method. The germination inhibitor of the 10 - HDA was studied to pollen germination and pollen tube growing of Xylocopa tranquebarorum visiting pollen by cultivating pollen in liquid media, Including pollens of Orychophragmus violaceus, Wisteria sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora. 10 -HDA inhibited pollen germination and tube grown, the germination inhibitor became stronger with its increasing concentration. The inhibitions of 10 - HDA at 156.25 μg/ mL to pollen germination of 0. violaceus were 70%, and the inhibitions of 10 - HDA at 625 μg/ mL to pollen germination of W. sinensis were 76%, and the inhibitions of 10 - HDA at 312. 5 μg/ mL to pollen germination of P. lactiflora were 70%. These findings suggested that the inhibition of 10 - HDA in the bee bread of X. tranquebarorum to pollen germination and tube growth was possible.