美国著名判例对数字环境延伸合理使用原则的启示

Enlightenment of Famous Fair Use Case Decisions in the United States

Author's Guild v.Hathi Trust以及Cambridge University Press et al v.Patton et al是2012年美国非常重要的合理使用案例,在案件审判中,法官运用了美国《著作权法案》第108条关于合理使用的原则性四大要素:使用的目的和特征、使用的性质、作品的使用数量、对作品市场的影响,仔细考核案件中的具体指控事实是否符合合理使用原则,为图书馆等公共服务机构或者科研机构基于合理使用原则为用户服务提供了参考引证。

Case Author＇s Guild v. Hathi Trust and case Cambridge University Press et al v. Patton et al are very important in USA on how to apply fair use in the digital era in 2012. Judges in both cases used four principle elements of fair use in Article 108 of Copyright Act, that is, the aim and features of use, the character of use, the number of works in use and the effect on market of works, to carefully examine in actual cases that whether specific allegations complied with the principle of fair use, which provided references for libraries and other public service or scientific research institutions to serve users based on the principle of fair use. 10 refs.