中原戏曲文化与开封朱仙镇木版年画之盛衰

Prosperity and decline of opera culture in the Central Plains and the wood engraving New Year paintings in Zhuxianzhen of Kaifeng

开封朱仙镇木版年画是我国四大年画基地之一,明清之际走向兴盛,朱仙镇曾一度成为中原年画与商业贸易中心,也是地方艺术中心。但近代以来朱仙镇木版年画深度衰落,如今成了被"抢救"的非物质文化遗产,它兴衰的原因学术界十分关注。本文认为朱仙镇木版年画的盛衰史与中原戏曲艺术文化的盛衰有直接关联,是在戏曲文化与其他因素综合影响下所致,展现了民间艺术与地方文化不可分割的密切关系。

Zhuxianzhen,Kaifeng is one of the four most famous towns for the production of wood engraving New Year paintings.At its peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasty,Zhuxianzhen was the center for the production and trade of New Year paintings in the Central Plains(the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River)and an artistically vital town.In modern times the paintings went into a decline.Today it is on the list of the intangible cultural heritage awaiting to be saved.The reasons for its prosperity and decline have been a great concern of scholars.This paper suggests that its evolution corresponds with that of the opera culture in the Central Plains and also proves the close ties between folk art and local culture.