瓦氏黄颡鱼和鲢对光照强度和颜色的选择

THE PREFERABLE LIGHT INTENSITY AND COLOR FOR DARKBARBEL CATFISH AND SILVER CARP

以野生瓦氏黄颡鱼和人工养殖鲢为研究对象,设置4种光照强度梯度0—10、10—30、100—200、700—800 lx及4种光照颜色红、白、蓝、绿,采用单因子实验法,研究了瓦氏黄颡鱼和鲢对光的趋避行为。结果表明:在光照强度选择的实验中,瓦氏黄颡鱼在0—10、10—30、100—200和700—800 lx四个光照强度中出现的次数百分比分别是:78.33%±21.51%、10.00%±14.86%、7.33%±8.27%和4.33%±7.74%。瓦氏黄颡鱼在光照强度为0—10 lx的区域中出现的次数明显多于其他三种光照强度,且差异显著(P<0.05)。而鲢在四种光照强度中出现的次数之间不存在显著性差异(P>0.05)。在光照颜色选择实验中,瓦氏黄颡鱼在四种光照颜色中出现的次数百分比不存在显著性差异(P>0.05)。鲢在红、白、蓝和绿四种光照颜色中出现的次数百分比分别是:12.67%±13.63%、30.33%±18.47%、35.67%±24.73%、21.33%±15.02%。鲢在白光、蓝光区域出现的次数显著高于其他两种区域,且差异显著(P<0.05)。实验通过研究光照强度和光照颜色对瓦氏黄颡鱼和鲢行为的影响,为鱼类趋光性研究提供一定的参考。

We studied the preferable light intensity and light color for wild darkbarbel catfish and farmed silver carp. In the light intensity experiment, the subjects were exposed to four light intensities （0-10, 10-30, 100-200 and 700-800 lx） in which the subjects had free access to. Similarly in the light color experiment, they were exposed to four colors （red, white, blue and green）. The percentage of time spent in each area was recorded and compared. The results showed that darkbarbel catfish spent （%of total time） （78.33±6.66）%, （10.00±2.65）%, （7.33±4.04）%and （4.33±4.04）%in 0-10, 10-30, 100-200 and 700-800 lx respectively. The percentage of time in the area with light intensity of 0-10 lx was significantly higher than that of the other three groups （P〈0.05）. However, silver carp did not show sig-nificant difference in the percentage of time among the four groups of light intensity （P＆gt;0.05）. In the light color selec-tion experiments, darkbarbel catfish did not show significant difference in the percentage of time spent in areas with four different colors （P＆gt;0.05）. In the contrast the percentage of time silver carp spent was （12.67±5.03）% （red）, （30.33±5.13）% （blue）, （35.67±4.73）% （white） and （21.33±3.06）%. Silver carp exhibit noticeable preference for green light and red light （P〈0.05）. This research is expected to contribute to the theory of phototaxis research of fish.