饲料中不同浓度菲对中华倒刺鲃几种血液学指标和肝胰脏的影响

EFFECTS OF DIETARY PHE EXPOSURE ON THE HAEMATOLOGICAL INDEXES AND HEPATOPANCREAS OF SPINIBARBUS SINENSIS

以中华倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus sinensis)幼鱼[初始体重为(42.80±0.32)g]为研究对象,在实验室条件下分别饲喂菲(PHE)含量为0、429.17、861.38和1289.87μg PHE/g的人工配合饲料16周,测定鱼体的血液学指标以及肝胰脏指数的变化,以检验中华倒刺鲃受到含PHE食物暴露胁迫后的毒理学反应。结果显示:血清中的红细胞数目、血红蛋白和总蛋白在各实验处理组之间均无显著差异;血糖含量随PHE浓度的升高表现出先升高后降低的趋势,且各染毒组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);球蛋白含量在500μg PHE/g组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),白蛋白含量则在500μg PHE/g组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而这两个指标在其余含毒饲料组与对照组间均无显著差异;谷丙转氨酶活力随饲料中PHE浓度的升高表现出升高的趋势,仅在最高浓度组(1500μg PHE/g组)时与对照组的差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);谷草转氨酶活力也随饲料中PHE浓度的升高而升高,在1000和1500μg PHE/g组与对照组之间差异显著(P<0.05);肝糖原随饲料中PHE浓度的升高而降低,且各组间的差异均达到了显著水平(P<0.05);各实验处理组的肌糖原含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而3个染毒饲料组之间无显著差异;肝胰脏指数随饲料中PHE浓度的升高而升高,且各染毒组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。通过讨论我们认为:中华倒刺鲃受到含PHE食物胁迫后血糖升高,而糖原含量和血清蛋白降低的现象应当是动物受到胁迫后能量需求升高的适应性反应,肝胰脏指数的升高是鱼体对PHE食物暴露胁迫在器官水平上的代偿性反应,而两种转氨酶在有毒饲料处理组鱼体的升高则表明PHE对肝脏造成了细胞损伤。

To investigate the ecotoxicologial effects of dietary phenanthrene （PHE） to the juvenile Spinibarbus sinensis （42.80±0.32 g）, these fish were exposed to dietary PHE at different concentrations （0, 500, 1000 and 1500μg PHE/g） for 16 weeks. The haematological indexes and the hepatopancreas index were utilized to measure the ecotoxicologial effects of dietary PHE. The results showed that the addition of PHE at different concentrations had no significant effects in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin and total protein in the serum. PHE increased the glucose level with a concentra-tion dependent pattern. 500μg PHE/g significantly enhanced the globulin and the albumin level compared with control group;however, the higher PHE at 1000 and 1500μg PHE/g had no significant effects compared with the control. PHE induced the activity of alanine aminotransferase with a concentration-dependent method, and the significant difference was observed when PHE is at 1500 μg PHE/g （P〈0.05）. PHE also enhanced the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, and the significant effects were observed at the groups of both 1000 and 1500μg PHE/g. PHE at all different levels sig-nificantly decreased the content of glycogen in hepatopancreas（P〈0.05）. PHE decreased the muscle glycogen in the three groups but not significant. PHE dramatically and significantly enhanced the hepatopancreas （P〈0.05）. These re-sults suggest that increasing glucose content and decreasing of glycogen and protein content might be an adaptive re-sponse to meet the energy demand for resisting the PHE stress, which might compensated by the increasing hepatopan-creas index, and that PHE might damage the liver cells supported by the increasing activities of the two aminotrans-ferases.