泉州湾污损生物生态研究

Marine fouling in Quanzhou Bay,China

2001年12月—2002年11月在泉州湾海域进行了污损生物周年挂板试验,共记录污损生物112种,以近岸暖水种为主,其中长鳃麦秆虫(Caprella equilibra)和网纹藤壶(Amphibalanus reticulates)是该海域最具代表性的优势种,其次为裂片石莼(Ulva fasciata)、中胚花筒螅(Tubularia mesembryanthemum)、薮枝螅(Obeliasp.)、纵条矶海葵(Haliplanella luciae)、外伪角涡虫(Pseudoceros exoplatus)、柄涡虫(Stylochus sp.)、僧帽囊牡蛎(Saccostrea cucullata)、翡翠贻贝(Perna viridis)、巴西地钩虾(Podocerus brasiliensis)、强壮板钩虾(Stenothoe valida)、镰形叶钩虾(Jassa falcata)和角突麦秆虫(Caprella scaura)等种类。该海区污损生物全年均可附着,种类丰富且附着强度大,附着盛期在4—11月,月板、季板、半年板和周年板的平均附着生物量分别为2 624g/m2、5 309g/m2、6 210g/m2和8 247g/m2,夏季可达11 295g/m2。随着试板浸海时间的延长,试板上污损生物群落的多样性明显增加,且结构也趋于稳定。

The investigation of marine fouling assemblages on concrete test panels in Quanzhou Bay was conducted from December 2001 to November 2002. A total of 112 species were identified and the dominant species were Ulva fasciata, Tubularia mesembryanthemum, Obelia sp., Haliplanella luciae, Pseudoceros exoplatus, Stylochus sp. , Saccostrea cucullata, Perna viridis, Podocerus brasiliensis, Stenothoe vaZida, Jassa falcate and Caprella scaura, respectively. The fouling organisms were mainly composed of coastal and warm water affinities and the settlements occurred throughout the year, particularly from April to November. The average biomass on the monthly, seasonal, semiannual and annual test panels were 2 624 g/m2 , 5 309 g/m2 , 6 210 g/m2 and 8 247 g/m2 , respectively. The maximum value reached 11 295 g/m^2 in summer. The multivariable statistical analysis showed that, with extending the panel deployment period, the biodiversity indexes increased and community structure tends to be more stable also.