肿瘤微环境在肝细胞癌中的作用

Role of tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma

肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是最常见的原发性肝脏肿瘤,并且是全世界癌症死亡的第3大原因,其发病率还在逐年增加.肝癌的发病机制复杂,其发生、发展和转移与多种基因突变、细胞信号传导通路和新生血管增生异常密切相关.其死亡率居高不下的主要原因是临床早期诊断困难,确诊时大多数已达到局部晚期或发生远处转移,且缺乏有效的治疗方法.近年来,大量的研究发现基质肿瘤微环境在肝癌的发生、发展中发挥着重要作用,其与肿瘤细胞共同创造了一个具有互相作用信号通路的复杂的系统.在这篇综述中,从肿瘤微环境的概念、肝癌基质细胞微环境、炎症微环境、血管生成微环境等几个方面进行研究.

Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is the most com- mon primary liver cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with an inci- dence increasing every year. HCC pathogenesis is very complex. Its occurrence, development and metastasis are closely related to multiple mutations, cell signaling pathways and abnor- mal angiogenesis. The main reason for the high mortality rate of liver cancer is the difficulties in early diagnosis, and most patients have had local or distant metastasis when diagnosed. Moreover, there is a lack of effective treatment, because the pathogenesis of HCC is not yet fully clear. In re- cent years, a large number of studies have found that stromal tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the occurrence, development and metastasis of HCC. Tumor microenviron- ment and tumor cells create a complex system with interacting signaling pathways. In this re- view, we will discuss the role of tumor microen-vironment in HCC in terms of HCC stromal cell microenvironment, inflammatory microenviron- ment and angiogenesis microenvironment.