社会正义原则何以可能?——罗尔斯、哈贝马斯和弗雷泽

How Can Principles of Social Justice Be Possible?——The Views of Rawls,Habermas and Fraser

社会正义原则何以可能?罗尔斯采用了一种理性选择模式,主张在无知之幕下,理性的人遵循最大化最小值原则会选择两个正义原则;哈贝马斯设想了一种话语论证模式,认为在理想话语环境中,有话语能力的人遵循有效性话语原则能够达成符合商谈原则和普遍化原则的社会正义原则;弗雷泽提供了一种参与平等模式,指出在参与平等条件下,理性的人遵循所有人受影响的原则,会接受承认、再分配和代表权三个正义原则。三人的论证为我们建设公平正义社会提供了理论启示。

How can Principle of Social Justice be possible？ Rawls adopted a model of rational choice, he ar- gued that rational people would choose two justice principles while following the minimum maximization prin- ciple under the Veil of Ignorance; Habermas imagined a model of discourse argument, he thought, people who have the ability of discourse would agree with the social justice principles which meet the principle of dis- course and the principle of universalization while following the discourse rules in an ideal discourse environ- ment; Fraser provided a model of Participation Equality, she pointed out that the rational man would accept the three justice principles which are redistribution, recognition and representation while following all-affected principle in the condition of Participation Equality. These three argumentations provide the theoretical enlight- enment for our further understanding of social justice.