事实的降格:《皮男人》中“拼贴”的后现代叙事特征

Approaching the Postmodern Technique of Narrative Collage in "The Leather Man"

美国后现代作家多克托罗擅于运用"拼贴"手法展现后现代作品片段性、凌乱性、边缘性和分裂性的特点。《皮男人》中,他通过视角和话语的拼贴、历史事件的拼贴、小说人物的拼贴三个角度表达了对美国现代社会的关注,揭示"被压制的真实",通过"事实的降格"来揭露和抨击权力政治的谎言,达到"去权威化"的效果。多克托罗借助"拼贴"手法有意唤醒读者去了解和发现历史真相和社会现实,让读者意识到文本意义和历史真相都是社会性的语境建构,是一种基于特定利益的"谋划的事实"。

：American postmodernist writer E. L. Doctorow effectively uses collages in his writings to highlight features of postmodern literature, namely fragmentation, disar- ray,marginalization and disunity. In his short story＂The Leather Man,＂ Doctorow anatomi- zes modern American society and reveals its hidden truth through three types of collage, in- eluding the collage of narrative angels and discourses, the collage of historical events, and the collage of characters. Questioning facts to expose the lies of power politics and create a de-authoritizing effect, the three types of collage impel readers to reconsider claims of historieal truth and eventually realize that both texts and facts are constructed, planted in a certain social context and conspired by a certain interest group.