枕下远外侧入路骨性结构解剖学研究

Study of bony structure anatomy on the far lateral approach

目的以枕下远外侧入路探讨枕骨大孔区解剖学特征,为利用该入路手术提供形态学基础。方法在成人干颅骨标本(30个、60侧)上对与远外侧入路相关的重要骨性结构进行观察并测量。结果 1例标本枕骨大孔前缘出现骨赘生物,枕骨大孔前后径距离减少,舌下神经管和矢状面的角度是双侧对称的,1例不对称情况的存在,4例舌下神经管中间出现骨柱。从枕髁后缘中点到舌下神经管后缘平均长度为(10.32±2.08)mm。后髁管大多数双侧存在,出现率左侧80.00%右侧90.00%。结论熟悉远外侧入路相关的重要骨性结构特点及数据有利于术中保护重要的神经和血管。

Objective To investigate the anatomic character in the zone foramen magnum on the far lateral approach. Methods 30（60 sides）adult dried skulls were examined in this study. Results Bone neoplasms occurred in the frontal edge of foramen magnum in a specimen. The angles between hypoglossal canal and the sagittal plane were bilateral symmetry except a specimen. Bony cylinder occurred in the four hypoglossal canals. The average length from the middle point of occipital condyle＂ s posterior edge to the hypoglossal canalg posterior edge was （ 10.32 ± 2.08） mm. The most condyloid canal were bilateral, occurrence rate was 80.00% in left and 90.00% in right. Conclusion Being familiar with the bony structure anatomy of the far lateral approach will be help to carry out this operation.