间充质干细胞在角膜损伤修复和角膜移植中的应用

Application of mesenchymal stem cells in corneal wound repair and cornea transplantation

严重损伤后角膜的修复及角膜移植后的抗免疫排斥反应是角膜疾病治疗中的重点和难点.间充质干细胞可在特定环境下诱导分化为角膜上皮细胞、角膜基质细胞等细胞类型,或通过旁分泌作用抑制炎性反应及新生血管的生成,进而保护损伤组织,促进角膜修复.此外,间充质干细胞还具有抗炎和调节免疫的特性,使其在抗角膜移植排斥反应中发挥作用.

The corneal healing following severe wound and the immune rejection after keratoplasty are the key and difficult points in treatment of corneal diseases.Mesenchymal stem cells could differentiate into corneal epithelial cells,stromal cells and other cell types in cornea,as well as suppresse inflammation and angiogenesis in a paracrine manner.Hence the injury corneal tissue was protected and the healing of cornea was promoted.In addition,the mesenchymal stem cells have potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties,which enable them to exert the therapeutic effects on corneal allograft rejection.