输血标准流程在重症监护室患者临床输血护理中的应用

Application of standard process of blood transfusion in clinical blood transfusion nursing of ICU patients

目的:通过输血标准流程在重症监护室(ICU)患者输血护理中的应用,提高临床输血护理质量,保证临床输血安全。方法:将2012年6至12月入住ICU并需输血的180例患者随机分为标准流程组(90例)和常规对照组(90例),标准流程组由经输血标准流程培训后的16名护士按标准流程操作,常规对照组由未经培训的护士按常规输血流程操作。比较2组护士对输血基本知识、基本技能、与输血有关的法律法规的掌握情况和用血征询情况;比较2组病例在输血过程中差错率、不良反应率、输血相关医疗文书合格率和患者的满意率。结果:经过培训比未经培训的护士对输血基本知识、基本技能、法律法规的掌握和用血征询明显提高(P<0.01);2组病例在输血过程中差错的发生率、不良反应的发生率、输血相关医疗文书合格率和患者的满意率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:输血标准流程在临床输血护理中的应用,强化了临床输血关键环节和过程的控制,提高了临床输血护理的质量。

Objective：To apply blood transfusion standard process in the transfusion nursing of intensive care unit （ICU） patients,improve the quality of clinical blood transfusion nursing and ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion. Method：From June to December 2012,180 patients who needed blood transfusion admitted to the ICU and were randomly divided into standard process group（n = 90） and normal control group （n = 90）. In the standard process group,16 nurses after blood transfusion standard process training operated blood transfusion according to the standard process,while in the normal control group, untrained nurses operated according to the conventional transfusion process. The knowledge of transfusion basic knowledge, basic skills, laws and regulations related to blood transfusion and blood use consultation between these two groups were compared. Error rate and adverse re- action rate in the process of blood transfusion, acceptability of blood transfusion medical documents and satisfaction rate by patients were compared. Result：The knowledge of transfusion basic knowledge,basic skills,laws and regu- lations related to blood transfusion and blood use consultation of trained nurses improved obviously compared to nurses without training（P〈0. 01）. Error rate and adverse reaction rate in the process of blood transfusion, accept- ability of blood transfusion medical documents and satisfaction rate by patients between these two groups had sig- nificant differences （P〈 0.05）. Conclusion：The application of blood transfusion standard process in clinical blood transfusion nursing would strengthen the control of clinical blood transfusion key point and process, and improve the quality of clinical blood transfusion nursing.