基于DLC的空调负荷双层优化调度和控制策略

Bi-level Optimal Dispatch and Control Strategy for Air-conditioning Load Based on Direct Load Control

空调负荷占电力终端设备的比重逐年增长,已成为峰荷最重要的组成部分,加深了中国高峰时段的供需矛盾,导致峰谷差进一步拉大。但同时空调负荷具有一定热存储能力,具备巨大的负荷调节潜力,可以通过需求响应纳入到电力系统调度中。为此,提出了基于直接负荷控制的空调负荷双层优化调度和控制模型。在宏观层模型中,根据负荷聚合商在各时段的空调负荷出力和报价,优化调度计划,最小化电力公司负荷调度成本;在微观层模型中,通过优化其管辖范围内空调负荷的控制策略,使得实际的空调负荷出力与调度计划尽可能保持一致并最大化其利益。通过算例分析说明了所提出模型的应用方法。

The proportion of air-conditioning load in electric terminal devices is growing year by year. Air-conditioning load is the most important part of the power peak-load, deepening the contradiction between supply and demand in China during peak periods and further widening the peak-valley difference. But the air-conditioning load has thermal storage ability, which has the huge potential of load regulation and can be connected into power system dispatch through demand response. The bi-level optimal dispatch and control model for air-conditioning load based on direct load control was proposed to deal with the problem in this paper. The macro-layer model was devoted to minimizing the cost of load dispatch through optimizing dispatching scheme based on air-conditioning load outputs and biddings of load aggregators, and the micro one was aimed at minimizing the difference between air-conditioning outputs and dispatching scheme through optimizing the control strategy of load aggregators. The case study shows the application of the proposed model.