家长对于自闭谱系障碍儿童融合教育的态度和需求调查

An Investigation into Parents' Attitudes Towards and Demands for Inclusive Education for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

自闭谱系障碍儿童家长和普通儿童家长的态度和需求对融合教育开展有重要影响。研究对上海市和安徽省合肥市14个教育机构的两类家长使用自编问卷进行调查(回收有效问卷普通儿童家长342份,自闭谱系障碍儿童家长173份),并对22位不同学龄阶段的儿童家长分别进行了3组焦点组访谈。结果发现,两类家长对于自闭谱系障碍儿童融合教育态度总体积极,尤其是自闭谱系障碍儿童家长;对于情感维度中融合教育实施的信心均分最低;对于融合教育实施过程的心理和管理需求很高。建议政府从加强对融合教育理解和接纳、加强政策/财政支持、加强资源整合等方面促进融合教育开展。

Parents of both children with autistic spectrum disorders （ASD） and normal children have certain attitudes towards and demands for inclusive education, as has a significant effect on the practice of inclusive education. This study, using self-devised questionnaires, makes a survey of 342 parents of normal children and 173 parents of children with ASD in Shanghai and Hefei, and has an interview with 22 parents of children at different school ages. The results show the following： the two groups of parents, especially parents of children with ASD, show a positive attitude towards inclusive education for children with ASD; the two groups of parents show the lowest confidence in the practice of integrated education, but high psychological and managerial demands for the practice of inclusive education. The study suggests that the government strengthen policy-oriented and financial support, the integration of educational resources, and teachers＇ professional development in order to promote the practice of inclusive education.