美国幼儿发展评价的经验及其对我国的启示

Early Childhood Development Assessment in the U. S. and Its Enlightenment on China

建构一套科学、系统的幼儿发展评价体系对提升幼儿园教育教学质量具有重要而积极的意义。本文从评价目的、评价内容和实施过程三个方面分析了美国三种幼儿发展评价系统——学前儿童观察记录系统、作品取样系统和3-5岁发展连续表评价系统的经验,提出对我国的启示主要包括:在评价目的上,服务于教育实践,为改进教师教学、促进幼儿发展和提升学前教育质量服务;在评价内容上,与课程内容相结合,注重全面化、系统化、可操作化和阶段性;在实施过程上,与教学过程相并行,强调在真实情境中观察记录。

The building of a scientific and systematic system of early childhood development assessment is of positive significance to the improvement of the quality of kindergarten education. This study, from the perspecfives of assessment purposes, assessment content, and implementation process, analyzes such three systems of early childhood development assessment in the United States as the Preschool Child Observation Record, the Work Sampling System, and the Developmental Continuum Assessment System for Ages 3 to 5. According to the study, their enlightenment on China includes the following： the assessment aims to serve educational practice, especially the improvement of preschool teaching, early childhood development, and the quality of preschool education; the assessment should be made systematically, comprehensively, operably and periodically in combination with the curriculum; the assessment should be made together with teaching, and observation and record in a real situation should be stressed.