不同类型音乐对老年大鼠学习记忆能力及免疫机能的影响

Effects of different types of music on learning and memory in aged rats and immune-function

目的:探讨不同类型音乐对老年大鼠学习记忆能力及免疫机能的影响。方法:取健康老年雄性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为:空白对照组、莫扎特音乐组、梁祝音乐组和摇滚音乐组,每组各10只;每天上午水迷宫训练同时音乐干预2 h,下午单纯音乐干预2 h,连续7 d,第8天进行Morris水迷宫测试,测试期间音乐刺激不变,测试潜伏期、经过平台次数和平台象限停留时间。测试结束后处死大鼠取血液及脑组织,采用ELISA检测大鼠血清中IL-2、IFN-γ和TNF-α的蛋白变化水平;采用免疫组织化学法检测大鼠脑组织中IL-2、IFN-γ和TNF-α基因变化水平;采用流式细胞学检测大鼠血清中T淋巴细胞亚群的变化;采用生物化学方法检测脑组织中TchE、MAO、LPO和SOD活性。结果:与对照组比较,莫扎特音乐组、梁祝音乐组大鼠测试潜伏期均缩短,经过平台次数和平台象限停留时间均增加(P<0.01),脑组织TchE、MAO和LPO活性均降低(P<0.01),SOD活性升高(P<0.01),血清中TNF-α和CD8+均降低,有统计学意义(P<0.01),IL-2、IFN-γ、CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+均升高,有统计学意义(P<0.01),脑组织中TNF-α阳性表达降低,IL-2和IFN-γ阳性表达增强,莫扎特音乐组和梁祝音乐组之间无显著差异(P>0.05);而摇滚音乐组大鼠潜伏期虽缩短,经过平台次数和平台象限停留时间虽增加但无显著差异(P>0.05),脑组织TchE、MAO、LPO和SOD活性亦无显著差异(P>0.05),血清中IL-2、IFN-γ、TNF-α蛋白水平和T淋巴细胞亚群及脑组织中IL-2、IFN-γ、TNF-α基因水平均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:莫扎特音乐组和梁祝音乐组通过降低脑组织TchE和MAO活性能明显提高Wistar大鼠空间记忆能力,通过降低脑组织LPO活性、升高SOD活性能明显提高Wistar大鼠抗疲劳、抗衰老能力,通过降低TNF-α、CD8+及升高IL-2、IFN-γ、CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+从而提高机体免疫机能;而摇滚音乐组在本研究中效果不明显。

Objective：To explore the effects of different types of music on learning and memory in aged rats and immune-function.Methods：Healthy elderly male Wistar rats 40 were randomly divided into：control group,Mozart＇s music group,butterfly music group and rock music group,n =10; water maze training every morning while music intervention 2 h,afternoon pure music intervention 2 h,continuous 7 d,the eighth days,Morris water maze test was conducted,the test stimulus unchanged during the music test latency times through platforms and platform quadrant dwell time.After the test,the rats were sacrificed and taking blood and brain tissue,by ELISA in serum IL-2,IFN-γand TNF-oα protein levels change; using immunohistochemistry assay in rat brain tissue IL-2,IFN-γand TNF-α gene variation level ; using flow cytometric detection of serum T lymphocyte subsets ; using biochemical methods detect the activity of TchE,MAO,LPO and SOD in rats brain tissue.Results：Compared with the control group,Mozart＇s music group,butterfly music rats were shortened latency test,after the number of platforms and platform quadrant dwell time were increased （P ＜ 0.01）,brain tissue TchE,MAO and LPO activity were decreased（P ＜0.01）,SOD activity was increased（P ＜ 0.01） ; serum TNF-oα and CD8 ＋ were lower statistically significant（P ＜ 0.01）,IL-2,IFN-γ,CD3 ＋,CD4 ＋,CD4 ＋/CD8 ＋ were increased there was statistically significant （P ＜0.O1）,brain tissue TNF-α expression decreased,IL-2 and IFN-γexpression enhanced Mozart＇s music group and butterfly music group were no significant difference （P ＞ 0.05） ; while although rock music group were shorter latency test,the number of through platform and platform quadrant dwell time,although increased but no significant difference （P ＞ 0.05） ; brain tissue TchE,MAO,LPO and SOD activity showed no significant difference（P ＞ 0.05）,serum in IL-2,IFN-γ,TNF-α protein levels and T lymphocyte subsets and brain tissue IL-2,IFN-γ,TNF-α genes levels were not significantly difference （P ＞ 0.05）.Conclusion：Mozart＇s music group and butterfly music group by reducing brain tissue TchE and MAO activity can significantly improve spatial memory of Wistar rats,by reducing the activity of brain tissue LPO,SOD activity increased significantly improve the Wistar rat anti-fatigue,anti-aging capacity,by reducing the TNF-α,CD8＋ and increased IL-2,IFN-γ,CD3＋,CD4＋,CD4＋/CD8＋ thereby enhancing immune function ; while rock music group in the present study the effects is not obvious.