5个斑节对虾半同胞家系生长、消化及免疫的比较

Comparison on growth,digestive enzymes and non-specific immunity of five Penaeus monodon semi-sib families

以中国海南省三亚海域野生斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)为父母本,采取人工授精方法建立斑节对虾家系,对其中5个半同胞家系的生长、消化酶和免疫酶活性等性状进行研究。56 d养殖实验结束后,家系5(sy446-sy240)获得了最高的终末均重和增重率,并显著高于除家系1(sy474-sy240)以外的其它各个家系。不同家系斑节对虾肝胰腺和肠道的蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性及血淋巴的免疫酶活性均有显著性差异,其中家系1的各种消化酶活性均处于中上水平,而家系5则处于较低水平;家系2(sy440-sy240)的各种免疫酶活性最高,家系1和家系5的免疫酶活性也处于较高水平。结果表明,家系1具有较好的生长和消化酶活性,家系2具有较好的与抗逆、抗病能力相关的免疫酶活性,而家系5具有最佳生长性能,可结合选育目标作为优良家系进行利用。

Wild brood stocks of Penaeus monodon caught from Sanya coastal waters of Hainan were chosen as parents,and families were established by artifical insemination.Growth,digestive enzymes and non-specific immunity of five semi-sib families were researched by a 56-day growth experiment.Each semi-sib family was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 30 individuals （initial mean weight：078 ± O.01 g）,and the feed trial was conducted in concrete ponds （80 cm × 80 cm × 120 cm）.Results indicated that family 5 （sy446-sy240） had the highest final mean body weight and weight gain,which were significantly higher than those of other families except family 1 （sy474-sy240,P ＜ 0.05）.However,no significant differences were found in feed conversion ratio （FCR） and survival rate （P ＞0.05）.Significant differences were found in activities of cathepsin,amylase and lipase in intestine and liver of different families.The activities of cathepsin and lipase in intestine and liver,amylase in intestine of family 1 were significantly higher than those of other families,while the lowest means were observed in family 5 （P ＜ 0.05）.At the same time,family 3 （sy410-sy240） had the highest liver amylase activity,followed by family 1,and the amylase activities of both two families were significantly higher than those of other families （P ＜ 0.05）.The highest POD activity was found in family 2 （sy440-sy240）,followed by family 5,and activities of both two families were significantly higher than those of other families （P ＜ 0.05）.The SOD activities of family 1 and family 2 were significantly higher than those of other families （P ＜ 0.05）.LZM activity of family 4 （sy413-sy240） was the highest,and family 2 was the lowest （P ＜ 0.05）,while AKP activities of family 2 and family 3 were significantly higher than those of other families （P ＜ 0.05）.In conclusion,family 1 showed both better growth and higher digestive enzyme activtiy,family 2 showed higher non-specific immunity,and family 5 showed best growth,which implied potentials for further selective breeding.