陆羯南的近代日本国民构想

Analysis of Kuga Katsunan's Ideas on Modern Japanese Nationals

作为明治后期社会文化人的代表,陆羯南提出的关于日本国民铸造的一系列构想,对近代日本国家转型产生了较大影响。其思想主要内容是:实现国民政治,即以"国民的独立"为前提的"国民的统一";建立国家政体,即君民和合的民族共同体;国家出路在于以天皇制弘扬"国民精神"。其思想的最大特点在于其极强的阶级调和性,他理论上塑造的"国民",是一个包容国内各个对立阶级、各种互为对立政治主张的混沌漠然的国民形象。

As a representative of prominent intellectuals in the late Meiii era, Kuga Katsunan＇s ideas on the toundmg ot Japanese nationals had a huge influence on Japan＇s modern transformation. The main contents include： pursuing national politics,i, e. realizing the integration of nationals on the basis of their independence; building nation＇s policy, i. e. a national community on the basis of harmony and integration of Mikado and nationals~ the way out for Japan was carrying forward national spirit with Tennoism. The most important characteristic of his thoughts was the reconciliation of classes. In his opinon, the nationals had a mixed and vague national image with conflicting internal classes and political demands.