早产儿皮肤保暖法探讨

The methods exploration of shin warm-keeping for premature infant

目的为了对早产儿实施有效的保暖，降低硬肿症的发生率及成功的实施母乳喂养。方法对８４例无窒息早产儿，按出生体重和孕周分组保暖观察，观察组用母婴皮肤接触保暖法，对照组用恒温箱保暖法。结果观察组升温快，升温时间 １．５～２．２ ｈ升至３６．５℃），硬肿发生率２．４％，方便母乳喂养，无乳头错觉产生，产妇喂养信心足；而对照组升温慢，升温时间 ４～６ ｈ，不方便母乳喂养，来回抱奶，体温不稳定，硬肿发生率 １４．３％，容易发生乳头错觉，产妇喂养信心不足。两组保暖方法经统计学处理，升温时间及产妇母乳喂养信心差异均有极显著性意义，Ｐ＜０．０１，硬肿症发生率差异有显著意义，Ｐ＜０．０５。结论母婴皮肤接触保暖法优于恒温箱保暖法。

Objective To apple effective warm-keeping method for premature infants, and reduce the incidence of callus and apply breastfeeding successfully.Method 84 cases of premature infant without asphyxia was divided into observing group (42 cases using skin contact warm keeping) and control group (42 cases using constant temperature cabinet) .Results The increasing in temperature in observing group is faster than that of control group. The times for temperature increasing is 1.5 to 2.2 hours (up to 36.5 ),the incidence of callus in 2.4% and convenience for breastfeeding. The temperature increasing in control group is slower and cost 4 to 6 hours. it's inconvenience for breastfeeding and body temperature is unstable. The incidence for callus is 14. 3%, and is easy to cause nipple illusion and reduce mother's. confidence for breastfeeding. There is significantly difference in for increasing temperature and incidence of callus between the two groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion the skin contact method is excelled the constant temperature cabinet method for increasing the body temperature.