也谈与“的”字结构有关的谓词隐含

On the Implicit Predicates in Modifier-Head Construction Containing “De”-Construction

本文首先通过对"的"左右成分之间的语义关系进行细致分类,考察了"VP+的+NP"、"NP1+的+NP2"结构中隐含的谓词及其隐现情况。然后解释了谓词隐含的原因,并分别从动词的类型以及动词义与构式义之间的关系两个角度找出了谓词隐现的规律:语义越实在的谓词越容易显现,与构式义不完全匹配的谓词越容易显现。最后,讨论了"NP1+的+NP2"结构的语义解释问题,指出这一结构的多义性主要缘于结构的歧义性和构式义的概括性。

By classifying the semantic relations between the left and right elements of ＂de＂,this paper first examines the implicit predicates in the constructions of ＂VP ＋ de ＋ NP＂and ＂NP 1 ＋ de ＋ NP 2 ＂,and then gives an explanation of why there are covert predicates in these constructions. By contrast,activity verbs and process verbs are liable to be present. On the basis of the relation between verbs and constructions,it is revealed that the predicates that are not matching with the construction completely tend to be overt. Finally,it is pointed out that the polysemy of＂NP 1 ＋ de ＋ NP 2 ＂is due to the semantic ambiguity of this construction and the generality of construction meaning.