江淮方言间接引语标记“说的”向语气词的词汇化

The Lexicalization of “Shuo di(说的) ” in Jianghuai Dialect from a Marker of Indirect Citation to a Particle

江淮方言中"说的"是后置型间接引语标记,标记相关信息是言者从他人那里道听途说而来。在道听途说来的信息的真值的不确定性受到质疑的特定语境下,后置型间接引语标记"说的"词汇化为表示反预期意义的句末语气词。从间接引语标记向反预期标记的演变还见于上海话"伊讲"、台湾闽南话"讲"和日语って(tte)。所不同的是,演变出的反预期标记是句末语气词,还是句中语气副词,抑或句末语气助词。这取决于演变前的间接引语标记是前置型还是后置型,是孤立型还是黏着型。江淮方言"说的"的历时演变可以从该方言中"说的(话)"的共时多功能性中窥见一斑。

＂Shuodi（说的）＂ in Jianghuai dialect is a marker of indirect citation as a postposition, indicating that the information concerned is heard from others. The information heard from others is uncertain in truth value. In the context that information heard from others being oppugned, the marker of indirect citation ＂Shuodi （说的）＂ may ]exicalize into a sentence -final particle expressing counter - expectation meaning. The change from a marker of indirect citation to a marker for counter - expectation meaning is universal, such as ＂Ika（伊讲） ＂ in Shanghai dialect, ＂Kaq/Koq（讲） ＂ in Minnan dialect spoken in Taiwan, and ＂Tte（ ） ＂ in Japanese. What characterized by them is that, they changed into a mood adverb before predicate or rather than a sentence - final particle, although also expressing counter - expectation meaning. All those depend on whether the source ex- pressions as markers of indirect citation are before or after their hosts, and whether the language which the marker of indirect cita- tion belongs to is isolative or agglutinative. In Jianghuai dialect, the multifunctionality of ＂Shuo di （hua） （说的（话））＂ is the result of the historical change of ＂Shuodi（ 说的 ）＂ in some de^ree.