汾河流域骨干坝蓄水比例研究

Study on Impoundment Proportion of the Key Dam in Fenhe River Basin

近年来黄河中游径流量表现出强烈的减少趋势,治理黄土高原水土流失重要水保措施的骨干坝是影响径流量的众多因素之一。为研究骨干坝对黄河径流的影响,首先要确定骨干坝的蓄水比例。以黄河流域第二大河汾河为例,从骨干坝的概念和运行方式出发,通过到水土保持部门调研、利用Google Earth软件对调研获取的骨干坝蓄水数据进行查询校对及实地查勘Google Earth未找到的部分骨干坝等方法,研究了汾河流域骨干坝的蓄水比例。结果表明:水土保持部门的调研结果、Google Earth软件历史查询功能对蓄水骨干坝的查询结果结合实地查勘结果证明了汾河流域确实存在蓄水骨干坝,蓄水骨干坝一旦蓄水,一般即为常年蓄水,且水位基本保持稳定。汾河流域160座骨干坝中蓄水骨干坝有13座,骨干坝蓄水比例为8.13%,蓄水比例较低。依据上述研究成果,支流骨干坝蓄水比例可根据水土保持部门调研、Google Earth软件查询结合实地查勘确定,黄河流域其余各支流可参考汾河流域研究骨干坝蓄水比例的方法进行研究。

The runoff in the middle reaches of the Yellow River shows strong reducing trend in recent years, the key dam as an important water and soil conservation measure to control soil erosion in the Loess Plateau is one of the factors affecting the runoff. In order to study the influence of the key dam on the Yellow River runoff, the impoundment tributary of the key dam must be determined firstly. In this paper, taking the second longest river in the Yellow River Fenhe River as an example, starting from the concept and operation mode of the key dam, studying the impoundment proportion of the key dam in Fenhe River basin by taking a study on water and soil conservation department, using Google Earth software to check for the impoundment data and conducting field research on part of the key dams that were not found with Coogle Earth, the proportion of the key dams are studied. Results show that water and soil conservation department investigation, the query results of Coogle Earth software history query function on impoundment key dam and field survey results proved that impoundment key dams do exist in Fenhe River basin, once the key dam is watered, it is usually a perennial water storage and water level is basically stable. There are 13 impoundment key dams of the 160 key dams on the Fenhe River basin, the impoundment proportion of the key dam in this tributary is 8. 13% , which is lower than average. Based on the study results above, the impoundment proportion of the key dam can be determined by combining the investigation, Coogle Earth and field survey, and those of the rest of the tributaries of the Yellow River can be studied referring to the method of Fenhe River basin.