禁烟标识对网吧实施全面无烟政策的影响——基于对四个城市的抽样调查

The effect of no-smoking signs on tobacco control at internet bars: A survey of four cities in China

目的:探讨禁烟标识对网吧实现全面无烟环境的作用和影响,为城市控烟法律的有效实施提供政策建议。方法:采取定量与定性结合的方法,在四个城市选取84家网吧开展现场观察;对城市控烟负责人、执法人员、场所管理者及部分公众进行个人访谈。结果:现场观察结果发现城市网吧的入口处及其他区域禁烟标识覆盖率分别为75.0%和86.9%。观察场所有吸烟现象的比例为79.8%,入口处禁烟标识与场所内吸烟情况有统计学关联(P<0.10)。禁烟标识包括的信息内容:仅有传统"禁止吸烟"文字为43.8%、有监督举报电话为26.6%、有罚款金额为15.6%、有健康提示语为7.8%、同时有处罚金额及监督举报电话为4.7%、同时有处罚金额及健康提示语仅为1.6%。访谈结果显示受访谈者对张贴禁烟标识持积极的态度。结论:城市网吧内禁烟标识张贴覆盖范围不全面,内容较为单一,需要借鉴先进国家与地区的经验设计有效的禁烟标识,开展禁烟标识效果评估,并完善常态的控烟监督执法。

Objective： To explore the effect of no-smoking signs in creating a smoke-free environment in inter- net bars and support the enforcement of tobacco law. Method ： Using quantitative and qualitative research, we select- ed 84 internet bars in four cities. We observed the coverage of no-smoking signs and smoking status in internet bars. We contacted responsible officers, enforcement officers, internet bars owners, the public and conducted in-depth in- terviews. Result： There were no-smoking signs at the entrances and other places in the bars 75% and 86.9%, re- spectively. The smoking rate was 79.8%. There was a significant correlation between no-smoking signs at entrances and smoking status. The information on the signs was only ＂no-smoking＂ （43.8%）, complaints phone （26.6%）, fines （ 15.6% ）, health tips （7.8%）, fines and phone （4.7%）, fines and tips （1.6%）. All interviewees had a positive attitude towards no-smoking signs, but they also worried about the low visibility of the signs. Conclusion： Coverage of the no-smoking signs at internet bars was not comprehensive, additional information was simple. It was necessary to draw experiences from other countries to design effective signs and perfect the tobacco control law.