改革语境下的农业、农村与农民——十八届三中全会《决定》涉农条款解读

Agriculture,Rural Areas and Farmers in the Reform Context——Interpreting the Relevant Provisions in the Decision of the Third Plenum of the Eighteenth Party Congress

全面深化改革是当前一个寸期的重要任务,但就农村来讲,在仍有接近7亿农村留守人口、其中近3亿农业劳动力的情况下,要保障农民基本权利保持农村社会的稳定,保留进城失败农民的退路,就要从底线和基本人权角度考虑"三农"问题,尤其需要在农业政策上冷静决策。从当前中国国情来看,城市是中国现代化的发展极,农村是中国现代化的稳定器,城市全面深化改革与农村保持相对稳定是相反相成、相互补充、相互支持的关系。现行农村基本制度正是中国过去30年保持了"发展中的稳定"的秘密,也是未来30年中国走出中等收入陷阱的最大制度红利。

At present, comprehensively deepening reform is an important task. But in the rural areas, there are still nearly 700 million people, with about 300 million being the agricultural labor force. In order to protect the farmers＇ basic rights, maintain social stability in rural areas, and give leeway to farmers whose attempt to stay in the city may fail, we need to consider the issues related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers from the perspective of social bottom line and basic human rights, and pay careful attention to ensuring calm decision-making concerning agricultural policy. Looking at Chinas current conditions, city is the development pole of modernization, and rural areas are the stabilizer of modernization. Hence, comprehensively deepening reform in cities and maintaining stability in the rural areas are complementary to and suptxn＇tive of each other. The current rural basic system ks the vey answer to the question why China has been ＂developing while being stable＂ in the last thirty years, and also the biggest institutional dividend by which China can get out of the middle-income {rap in the future thirty years