面向竞争战略层面的企业战略人力资本与持续竞争优势关系研究

Strategic human capital and sustainable competitive advantages of firms based on an empirical study at business level

经济全球化背景下,企业面临的竞争越来越激烈.在资源约束条件下的企业边界内,具有边际效益递增特征的人力资本如何促进企业获取并保持竞争优势、进而实现企业战略目标的问题,受到越来越多的关注.因而,战略人力资本作为企业最重要的战略资源之一,亦使更多的学者日益关切.本文通过对中国105家企业的总经理和人力资源主管进行问卷调查,采用层级回归的分析方法对数据进行假设检验.研究结果表明,不同的人力资源管理系统与竞争战略的交互对企业持续竞争优势的影响有一定的差异;同时,战略人力资本在人力资源系统与竞争战略交互对持续竞争优势影响的中介作用也不同.本文的研究对企业战略人力资源管理实践具有借鉴意义.

With economic globalization, China firms are facing increasingly fierce competition. Under resource constraint, more and more companies are drawing keen focus on how human capital can successfully promote the implementation of firm strategic objectives as well as sustaining competitive advantages. Thus, strategic human capital, as one of the most important corporate strategic resources, has aroused increasing research interest. By analyzing the survey of questionnaires responded by human resources managers and general managers of 105 companies in China, the paper examines the data by hierarchical regression analysis. The results show that the interaction of different human resource management systems and different competitive strategies have different influences on sustained competitive advantages. Meanwhile, different configures of strategic human capital play different intermediary roles in different human resource systems interacting with the competitive strategy for sustained competitive advantages. This paper offers a reference to the strategic human resource management practices for Chinese firms.