英国林业法规政策体系及启示

British Forestry Laws and Policy System and Its Revelation

研究国外林业法规与政策有利于借鉴相关成功经验。文中概述英国全国性和地方性林业法规,分析人工造林、林地补助和绿色采购等林业政策及发展趋势,归纳乡村林业、城市林业发展和生物多样性保护等林业配套政策,总结英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士林业发展战略。英国林业法规层次分明体系完善、林业政策持续稳定与时俱进、配套政策系统全面效果明显、林业战略重视突出地方特色和实施森林可持续经营政策等5点启示对于指导我国林业法规制定和政策调整具有一定的参考作用。

The study of world forestry laws and policies could help to learn related successful experiences. The paper overviewed the national and local forestry laws in Britain, analyzed the policies regarding plantation, green space subsidy and green procurement and their development trend, summarized the supporting forestry policies related to rural social forestry, urban forestry development and biodiversity conservation, and generalized the local forestry development strategies of England, Scotland and Wales. It was concluded that British forestry law and policy system have five main inspirations to China~ forestry law formulation and policy change, including： forestry law system is clearly hierarchical and sound, forestry policies are continuingly stable and revised on reality demands, supporting policies are comprehensive with evident effects, forestry strategy emphasizes locality, and sustainable forest management is a focus.