美国社会福利制度的历史发展与运营管理

A Review on Social Welfare System in the US

美国是一个工作福利国家,其社会福利制度兼具贫困救济、社会保障和工作激励三重功能。通过结束终身福利制,美国实现了个人责任与政府责任的平衡,形成了较为完整的福利制度设计,拥有完善的项目体系、全面的资格认定和有力的财政手段。美国社会福利体系的管理运作对中国完善社会福利体系具有借鉴意义。

The United States has a workfare system, which balance the responsibilities between the individuals and government through combining three primary goals including poverty relief, social security and work motivation. This paper examines the historical development, program operation and management of American welfare system. We find that the welfare system in America is well operated through the complete project management and full mean test, while defined roles of federal and local governments in financial transfer payment system enhancing its efficiency and secure program fun- ding. It is thus su ence significance ggested that the administration of American social welfare system has certain refer- for the imorovement of welfare reform in Chinn