贵妃鸡与麒麟鸡杂交后代主要性状的测定与分析

Determination and Analysis of Main Characters of Hybrid Offspring by Crossing of Princess Chicken and Frizzle Chicken

为了研究贵妃鸡与麒麟鸡杂交后代(F1代)的肉用开发价值,以贵妃鸡为父本、麒麟鸡为母本进行杂交,测定12周龄F1代鸡的体尺性状、屠宰性能、肉品质和血液生理、生化指标。结果显示:(1)F1代公鸡体斜长、龙骨长、胫长分别显著高于母鸡1.73、2.60、0.87cm;(2)屠宰性能:F1代公鸡活体质量、屠体质量、半净膛质量、全净膛质量、胸肌质量、腿肌质量、心脏质量、半净膛率分别极显著高于母鸡173.67g、176.22g、170.08g、104.70g、30.90g、49.74g、2.79g、2.34个百分点;腿肌率、翅膀质量分别显著高于母鸡3.90个百分点、16.56g;皮脂厚极显著低于母鸡;(3)肉品质:F1代母鸡的胸肌失水率显著高于公鸡,腿肌肉色L值、失水率分别极显著高于公鸡,肉色a值极显著低于公鸡;(4)血液生理、生化指标:F1代鸡血液生理指标变异系数均在20%以下,生化指标除乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)指标外,其他指标的变异系数均在40%以下。以上结果表明,F1代公鸡屠宰性能和肉品质优于母鸡。

In order to study the meat development value of F1 hybrid offspring of Princess chicken （ ♂ ） and Frizzle chicken （ ♀ ）, the body size traits, slaughter performance, meat quality, blood physiological and biochemical indexes of 12-week-old F1 hyhrid offspring were measured. The results showed that： （1）The body length,keel length and shank length of male of hybrid offspring were significantly higher than those of female chickens, by 1.73 cm, 2.60 em, 0. 87 cm, respectively ~ （2） Slaughter performance ： The live weight, carcass weight, semi-eviscerated weight, eviscerated weight, chest muscle weight, leg muscle weight, heart weight, semi-eviscerated ratio of male chickens were very significantly higher than those of female chickens,by 173.67 g,176.22 g, 170.08 g, 104.70 g, 30. 90 g, 49.74 g, 2.79 g and 2.34 percentage points, respectively the leg muscle ratio and wings weight were significantly higher than those of female chickens, by 3.90 percentage points and 16.56 g;but sebum thickness of male chickens was very significantly lowerthan that of female chickens; （3）Meat quality：The percentage of chest muscle water loss of female chickens was significantly higher than that of the maleThe leg muscle incarnadine L value and water loss rate of female chickens were very significantly higher than those of the male, but the incarnadine a value was very significantly lower than that of the male （4）The blood physiological and biochemical indexes. The coefficients of variation of FI hybrid chicken blood physiological indicators were less than 20% In addition to biochemical index of lactate dehydrogenase（LDH） and a-hydroxy butyric acid dehydrogenase（a-HBDH）, the coefficients of variation were less than 40%. These results showed that the slaughter performance and meat quality of F1 hybrid male chickens were better than those of female chickens.