综合医院急诊科女护士的睡眠问题与职业紧张

Sleep problem and its association with job stress among female nurses from emergency departments of general hospitals

目的:调查综合医院急诊科女护士睡眠问题的检出率及其与职业紧张的关系。方法:选取温州地区7所综合医院的急诊科女护士357例,用一般情况问卷调查社会人口学特征,用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评价睡眠质量(PSQI总分>7为有睡眠问题),用工作内容问卷(JCQ)评估职业紧张程度,以JCQ问卷工作要求和自主程度维度评分的中位数(15和26)作为判断工作要求和自主程度高低的界值。使用多因素logistic回归分析睡眠问题与职业紧张的关系。结果:急诊科女护士睡眠问题的检出率为69.5%。护士睡眠问题的危险因素包括家庭收入自评低或很低(OR=1.36)、服用催眠药(OR=3.97)、三级医院工作(OR=1.73)、JCQ工作要求维度评分≥15(高工作要求)(OR=1.52)、JCQ自主程度维度评分≥26(低自主程度)(OR=2.23)和轮班制(OR=2.01)。结论:急诊科女护士睡眠问题检出率较高,高要求-低自主职业紧张特征的工作增加了其睡眠问题的发生风险。提示需改善不良的职业因素,以减少护士睡眠问题的发生。

Objective： To investigate the rate of sleep problem and its relationship with job stress in female nurses from emergency departments of general hospitals. Methods： Totally 357 female nurses were selected from the emergency departments of 7 general hospitals in Wenzhou area. All participants were administered with a general in- formation questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） and Job Content Questionnaire （JCQ） to assess socio-demographic characteristics, sleep problem （PSQI score 〉 7） and job stress, respectively. Median scores of job demand and control domains in JCQ were regarded as the cut-off values to categorize high/low job demand andcontrol in job stress. Multiple logistic regression was used to explore the association between sleep problem and job stress. Results： The rate of sleep problem in female nurses of emergency depamnents was 69.5%. Risk factors for sleep problem of nurses included lower perceived family income （ OR = 1.36）, taking hypnotic drugs （ OR = 3.97）, working in tertiary hospital （ OR = 1.73）, higher job demand in job stress （ OR = 1.52）, lower job control in job stress （OR = 2.23） and shift work schedule （OR = 2. 01）. Conclusion： It suggests that female nurses in emergency departments may have higher rates of sleep problem. The job characteristics of high-demand-low-control increase the risk for sleep problem.