室内常见气传真菌的分布及其培养提取物的免疫抑制作用研究

Distribution of Indoor Airborne Fungi and the Immune-Suppressive Effect of Dominant Fungal Extracts

目的 了解室内常见气传真菌的分布及其影响因素 ,并分析其代谢提取物对呼吸道免疫功能的影响。 方法 以平皿沉降法进行室内环境气传真菌的采样 ,并进行菌株鉴定及其分布影响因素的分析 ;同时以改良的混合淋巴细胞反应研究了室内常见气传真菌代谢提取物的非特异性免疫抑制作用。 结果 室内环境中的主要真菌污染源为芽枝菌属、曲霉属、交链孢属、镰刀霉属、青霉属等 ,影响室内真菌分布的主要因素为温度、湿度及室外菌落数 ;青霉属、曲霉属的代谢提取物在无明显的细胞毒性浓度下 ,可抑制异型小鼠淋巴细胞混合刺激而产生的增生。 结论 长期暴露于室内气传真菌对人体呼吸道防御功能构成了潜在的威胁。

Objective To study the distribution of indoor airborne fungi and the immune-suppressive effects of dominant fungal extracts. Methods Airboren fungi were sampled in indoor environment, and a modified mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay was used to test the non-specific cell immunosuppressive effect induced by fungal cultures extracts. Result The dominant fungal propagators in indoor environment were Cladosporium sp, Aspergillus sp, Alternaria sp, Fusarium sp, Penicillium sp, and temperature, humidity and outdoor fungi spore counts were the major factors to affect the total indoor fungi spore counts. It was also observed that the extracts of Aspergillus sp and Penicillium sp could inhibit the MLR without causing cytotoxicity. Conclusion It was suggested that exposure to fungal culture might become a risk factor to human immune function, especially to respiratory defense.