饲粮中不同水平铜对5～16周龄五龙鹅脂类代谢、抗氧化能力与免疫功能的影响

Effects of Dietary Different Copper Levels on Lipid Metabolism,Antioxidant Ability and Immune Function of Wulong Geese at the Age of 5 to 16 Weeks

本试验旨在研究饲粮中不同水平铜对5～16周龄五龙鹅脂类代谢、抗氧化能力与免疫功能的影响及其相关性，以确定饲粮中铜的适宜添加水平。试验选用5周龄五龙鹅360只，采用随机分配编号法，设6个组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只。各组分别在基础饲粮（铜含量为5．87mg／kg）中添加0（Ⅰ组，对照组）、15（Ⅱ组）、30（ill组）、60（1V组）．,120（V组）、240mg／kg（Ⅵ组）的五水硫酸铜，试验期为12周。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，Ⅲ组血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著降低（P〈0．05），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著增加（P〈0．05）。2）与对照组相比，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清中总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（CuZn—SOD）和铜蓝蛋白活性显著提高（P〈0．05）；胸腺指数、脾脏指数和法氏囊指数均达到较高值。3）血清中T—AOC和CuZn—SOD活性与免疫器官指数呈显著相关（P〈0．05），血清中CuZn—SOD活性与脂类代谢指标呈显著相关（P〈0．05）。由此可见：1）5～16周龄五龙鹅饲粮中添加15～30mg／kg铜时，可显著降低机体脂类代谢水平，增强机体抗氧化能力和免疫功能。2）机体抗氧化酶活性与脂类代谢及免疫器官指数相互间具有一定相关性。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary different copper levels on lipid metabo- lism, antioxidant ability and immune function of Wulong geese at the age of 5 to 16 weeks, and to find the op- timum copper level in diets. A total of 324 Wulong geese at the age of 5 weeks were divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 9 geese per replicate. Geese in the groups were fed a basal diet （ with copper level of 5.87 mg/kg） supplemented with 0 （group Ⅰ , control group）, 15 （group Ⅱ ）, 30 （group Ⅲ）, 60 （group Ⅳ） , 120 （ group Ⅴ ） and 240 mg/kg （ group Ⅵ ） copper sulfate pentahydrate, respectively. The trial lasted for 12 weeks. The results showed as follows： Ⅰ ） compared with control group, serum total cholesterol, tri- glyceride and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol contents in group Ⅲ were significantly decreased （P 〈 0.05 ）, and high density lipoproteins-cholesterol content was significantly increased （ P 〈 0.05 ）. 2 ） Compared with control group, total anti-oxidative capacity （T-AOC）, the enzyme activities of CuZn superoxide dismutase （CuZn-SOD） and copper-protein in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly improved （ P 〈 0.05 ）, meanwhile, the indexes of thymus, spleen and bursa of Fabricius reached a high value. 3 ） T-AOC and CuZn-SOD activity had a significant correlation with the immune organ index （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and CuZn-SOD activity and lipid me- tabolism indexes were significantly correlated （ P 〈 0.05 ）. In conclusions ： 1 ） when dietary copper is added at the levels of 15 to 30 mg/kg, the body lipid metabolism is significantly reduced, and the improvement in the body＇ s antioxidant capability and immunity are found in Wulong geese at the age of 5 to 16 weeks ; 2 ） it has a correlation among body antioxidant enzyme activity, lipid metabolism and immune organ indexes in some ex- tent.