老年卫生保健相关性肺炎的研究进展

Research Progress of Healthcare Associated Pneumonia in the Elderly Patients

卫生保健相关性肺炎是近年来提出的肺炎新概念,在发生时间上与社区获得性肺炎相同,但其临床特点与发病机制与之有很大区别,具有基础病多、临床表现重、病原菌复杂且耐药性高、住院时间长、病死率高等特点,在病原学方面以革兰阴性杆菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌为主,包括多重耐药菌,在老年人多发,因此了解其临床及诊疗特点对改善老年肺炎的预后有较大意义。

Health-care-associated pneumonia （HCAP） is a new concept in recent years. The emerging time is the same as the community-acquired pneumonia（CAP） , but the clinical characteristic and morbidity mechanism are a lot different from CAP. It is characterized with more primary diseases, heavier clinical mani- festations, more complicated pathogens and heavier resistance,longer hospital stay, and higher mortality. It＇ s mainly caused by Gram-negative bacillia and MRSA,including MDR strains. Because of its high morbidity in the elderly, realizing the clinical, diagnosis and therapeutic features has a great significance in improving the prognosis of pneumonia in the elderly.