河南省老年人体重自我评价与实测体质指数比较分析

Comparative Analysis on Self-evaluation of Body Weight and Actual Body Mass Index in the elderly in the region of Henan Province

目的了解河南省60岁以上老人体重状况,并将自评体重与实测体质指数(BMI)值比较分析,探讨不同群体老人对自身体重的认知。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,于2012年对河南省2 993名60岁以上老年人进行问卷调查收集数据,比较不同群体老年人对自身体重的认知。计数资料的比较采用x^2检验。结果样本人群体重偏低率、正常率、超重率和肥胖率分别为3.60%、54.60%、34.10%和7.70%,在性别、年龄和文化程度上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。60岁以上老人自评体重与实测BMI值的一致率为54.96%,BMI值偏低组、正常组和超重组的一致率分别为55.14%、62.67%和44.89%,BMI值超重组一致率最低(P<0.05)。各BMI组一致率城市高于农村,年龄越大一致率越低,文化程度越低一致率越低(P<0.05),男女性别差异无统计学意义。结论不同群体老人对自身体重的认知存在差异,在老年人群中针对健康体重开展健康教育对预防和控制老年人与体重有关慢性病的工作十分必要。

Objective To analyze distribution characteristics of body weight and compare self-evaluation of body weight with actual body mass index（ BMI ）of the elderly in Henan province to master their cognition of body weight. Methods 2 993 adults aged above 60 were selected with the methods of multiple-stage stratified randomized cluster sampling in 2012 in Henan province and their data were collected through questionnaire-survey, then analyzed the different cognition of their weight among different groups. Chi-square tests were performed for data analysis. Results The rate of body weight for underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity was 3.60 % ,54.60 % ,34.10 % and 7.70 %, respectively. There were significant difference between different gender, age, and education （P 〈 0.05 ）. The concordant rate between self-evaluation and actual BMI was 54.96 % averagely, which was 55.14 % in low BMI group, 62.67 % in normal BMI group, and 44.89 % in high BMI group, respectively, the rate among high BMI group was the lowest （P〈 0.05 ）. The concordant rate was higher in urban than in rural area, and was getting lower with age growing. A similar trend was also found in less educated residents （P 〈 0.05 ）. No difference was found between men and women. Conclusions There were different perceives of body weight among different groups of the elderly. It is important to provide healthy weight education among the elderly to prevent and control no-communicable disease related to body weight.