CD4^+CD25^+调节性T细胞在免疫性血小板减少症发病中的研究进展

Recent Research in Role of CD4^+CD25^+ Regulatory T Cell in Pathogenesis of Immune Thrombocytopenia

免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)是一种器官特异性的自身免疫性疾病,是由于自身抗血小板抗体导致血小板破坏过多和生产不足造成血小板减少,是临床最常见的出血性疾病,其发病机制目前仍未完全明确。调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell,Treg)是体内一类具有免疫调节功能的特殊T细胞亚群,CD4+CD25+Treg是在Treg家族中研究最多也是最主要的一群,对维持机体免疫平衡状态起重要作用。无论在ITP动物模型还是在ITP患者均发现Treg细胞数量的降低和功能的缺陷,表明CD4+CD25+Treg与免疫性血小板减少症的发生和进展密切相关。本文对Treg的特征、作用及其与ITP发病机制的关系做一综述。

Immune thrombocytopenia （ITP）, the most common hemorrhagic disease, is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by decreased platelets count due to auto-antibodies mediating platelets destruction and insufficient platelets production. The etiology of ITP is still not completely known. Regulatory T cells, also called Tregs, are character-ized by CD4＋CD25＋, and positive of transcription factor forkhead box P3. They belong to a subpopulation of T cells special-ized for immune regulation and play an important role in maintaining the immune balance. Decreased production and defect-ed function of CD4＋CD25＋Treg was found not only in the ITP animal model but also in the ITP patients. It indicates that the Treg was involved in the pathology of ITP. This review focus on the characteristic and function of Tregs and their relationship with pathogenesis of ITP.