鳞状细胞癌抗原SCCA1在肝细胞癌中的表达及意义

Expression of SCCA1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical significance

目的:探讨鳞状细胞癌抗原SCCA1在原发性肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)中的表达情况及其临床意义.方法:采用免疫组织化学、Western blot、qRTPCR检测SCCA1在肝细胞癌、癌旁非肿瘤组织、肝硬化及正常肝组织中的表达,并分析SCCA1 mRNA与肝癌患者临床病理特征的相关性.结果:免疫组织化学显示62例HCC、43例癌旁肝组织、10例肝硬化、5例正常肝脏中均未发现SCCA1的表达;Western blot显示所检测的6例肝细胞癌均有SCCA1表达,其中5例高表达于癌旁,1例表达与癌旁相当,3例肝硬化中1例阳性,3例正常肝脏中均不表达;qRTPCR分析显示SCCA1 mRNA在HCC组阳性率为29.5%(18/61),癌旁组、肝硬化组、正常组均未发现阳性表达(0/61、0/16、0/6).其中肝癌组与癌旁及肝硬化组差异有统计学意义(P=0.000、0.013).分析扩增曲线和溶解曲线,内参基因G3PDH的CT值为18.90±1.40,其单一峰Tm值87.9℃;目的基因SCCA1的CT值为34.37±1.74,其Tm值为88℃.结论:SCCA1蛋白在HCC中微量表达,免疫组织化学不易检测.SCCA1 mRNA用于HCC诊断特异度高、灵敏度有限.

AIM： To determine the expression of squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1（SCCA1） in hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） and to evaluate its clinical significance. METHODS： The expression of SCCA1 was assessed in specimens of HCC, adjacent noncancerous tissues, liver cirrhosis and normal liver tissue by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and qRT-PCR. The relationship between theexpression of SCCA1 and the clinicopathological features of HCC was analyzed. RESULTS： Immunohistochemistry showed that SCCA1 was undetectable in 62 HCCs, 43 adjacent non-cancerous tissues, 10 cirrhosis liver tissues and 5 normal liver tissues. Western blot analysis demonstrated that 5 out of 6 detected HCC tissues had higher SCCA1 expression than paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues, and that the remaining HCC tissue showed similar expression pattern to adjacent non-cancerous tissues. One out of 3 liver cirrhosis tissues was SCCA1 positive, while SCAA1 expression was not detected in normal liver tissues（0/3）. Using qRT-PCR, the expression of SCCA1 was found in 29.5% of the HCC tissues（18/61）, but SCAA1 expression was not detected in paired adjacent non-cancerous, liver cirrhosis and normal liver tissues（0/61, 0/16, and 0/6, respectively）. There were significant differences in the positive rate of SCCA1 between HCC and paired adjacent non-cancerous, liver cirrhosis tissues（P = 0.000, 0.013）. Amplification plot and melt curve plot showed that the CT and Tm values were 8.90 ± 1.40 and 87.9 ℃ for G3PDH and 34.37 ± 1.74 and 88 ℃ for SCCA1. CONCLUSION： SCCA1 is weakly expressed in HCC and difficult to detect by immunohistochemistry. SCCA1 mRNA expression is specific in HCC, although its sensitivity is limited.