无症状体检者结直肠息肉分布特征1990例

Distribution characteristics of colorectal polyps in 1990 cases of asymptomatic subjects

目的:探讨健康体检人群进行结肠镜检查的必要性,了解我国无症状人群结直肠疾病的发病情况,探寻无症状人群筛查早期结直肠肿瘤的有效手段.方法:回顾性分析了新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院消化科内镜中心的1990例健康体检者的结肠镜检查结果,患者均在2009-07-01/2013-06-30自愿接受结肠镜检查,分别分析了1990例结直肠息肉的检出率、病理组织学类型、病变检出部位、性别、年龄、结直肠病变阳性检出率;分析了结肠息肉的检出率与病变部位、病理类型与受检者的年龄、性别、族别之间的关系.结果:结直肠息肉376例(18.8%),结直肠癌10例(0.5%),结直肠慢性炎410例(17.3%),结肠黑病变38例(1.9%),结直肠憩室27例(1.3%).376例结直肠息肉患者共检出息肉571枚;男性肠息肉检出率为24.1%,女性为11.2%;汉族人结直肠息肉检出率为17.8%;无症状人群结肠镜检查结直肠病变阳性检出率为39.1%.结论:无症状人群大肠息肉的检出率具有性别、年龄、种族趋势.50岁以上的中老年人群结直肠息肉检出率较高;检出的息肉部位及病理类型则以乙状结肠部的管状腺瘤居多.50岁以上无症状人群进行结肠镜检查,对于筛查早期结直肠癌前病变及预防结直肠肿瘤具有重要意义.

AIM： To investigate the prevalence of colorectal polyps in asymptomatic subjects to stress the importance of colonoscopy in physical examination and explore the effective means of screening for asymptomatic patients with early colorectal cancer. METHODS： A retrospective analysis of colonoscopic findings was performed in 1990 subjects who underwent physical examination at the Department of Gastroenterology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People＇s Hospital. The subjects voluntarily underwent colonoscopy from July 1, 2009 to June 30, 2013. The detection rate of colorectal polyps, pathological type, sex, age, site of lesion, and the positive rate of colorectal lesions were analyzed.RESULTS： Colonoscopy revealed 376（18.8%） cases of colorectal polyps, 10（0.5%） cases of colorectal cancer, 410（17.3%） cases of chronic colorectal inflammation, 38（1.9%） cases of colon melanosis, 4（0.2%） cases of colon melanosis with colon polyps, and 27（1.3%） cases of colorectal diverticulum. A total of 571 polyps were detected in 376 patients with colorectal polyps. The detection rate of intestinal polyps was 24.1% in men and 11.2% in women. The detection rate of colorectal polyps in Chinese Han subjects was 17.8%. The detection rate of colorectal lesions was 39.1%. CONCLUSION： The detection rate of colorectal polyps in the asymptomatic population was related to gender, age and race. The detection rate of colorectal polyps is higher in patients aged 50 years. Sigmoid colon polyps and tubular adenoma are common. For people aged over 50 years, colonoscopy for screening early colorectal cancer is recommended.