渭北旱原不同树龄果园的土壤养分特征探究

Characteristics of Soil Nutrient Under Different Age Apple Orchards on Weibei Dryland of the Loess Plateau

为了探究土壤的全氮、全磷含量在不同树龄果园中的分布特征，在渭北旱原王东沟试区。选取树龄为1、5、10、15、20a果园及农田为研究样地，分层采集0-10cm、10-20cm土壤样品，采用F10wSvs仪器测定，分析得出土壤中的全氮、全磷的含量时间和空间变化规律。研究结果表明：随苹果种植时间增加，土壤表层的全氮和全磷含量存在显著性差异（p〈0．05），土壤全氮含量随之降低，全磷含量随之增加。在垂直空间上，随土层深度的增加，土壤的全氮、全磷含量下降。根据土壤中全氮全磷的变化特征，在平衡施肥的基础上，及时定量调控土壤养分，进而提高果园土壤质量和农业生产持续发展水平。

To explore the soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus in the same age distribution character- istics in the orchard, and thus the local apple orchard scientific fertilization management and sustainable development of land to provide a theoretical basis. On Wangdonggou, Weibei dry land of the Loess Pla- teau, they selected the year of 1, 5, 10 15 and 20 of the orchard and farmland as the research sample, Lay- ered 0-10cm, 10-20cm as soil samples, and use the Flowsys instrument to determine in order to analyze the changes of the total Nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil. The results indicated that with increasing years of apple planting, there exist significant differences in content of the total nitrogen and total phos- phorus of the surface soil （p 〈 0.05）.the longer the Apple planting years, the lower the content of total ni- trogen, the higher the content of total phosphorus. In vertical direction, with the increase of the depth of soil, total nitrogen and total phosphorus declined slightly. On the basis of balanced fertilization and nutri- ent character, timely and quantitatively regulate soil nutrients, thereby the orchard soil quality and the level of sustainable development of agriculture are to be increased.