广州市3种典型人工林碳储量及分布特征研究

Spatial Distribution of Carbon Storage of Three Forests Ecosystem in Guangzhou,China

采用样方法和取样法，研究广东省广州市流溪河林场黧蒴、木荷、杉木林生态系统碳含量、碳储量及其空间分布特征。结果表明：林木各器官平均碳含量为杉木（490．99 g·kg-1）＞黧蒴（447．18 g·kg-1）＞木荷（442．52 g·kg-1），各器官间存在差异，从高到低排列顺序杉木为皮＞叶＞枝＞干＞根；木荷为干＞根＞皮＞枝＞叶；黧蒴为叶＞干＞枝＞根＞皮；林分内乔木层碳储量为黧蒴（103．08 t·hm-2）＞木荷（83．19 t· hm-2）＞杉木（20．67 t·hm-2）。地被植物和枯落物碳含量均表现为灌木层＞草本层＞枯落物层。林地土壤容重随土层的加深而增大，各层次碳含量呈下降趋势且分布不均，表层（0～25 cm）土壤碳含量较高，3种林分土壤碳储量排序为木荷（154．52 t·hm-2）＞黧蒴（146．75 t·hm-2）＞杉木（131．29 t·hm-2）。3种人工林生态系统碳库的空间分布序列为土壤层＞植被层＞枯落物层。黧蒴林乔木层年净生产力为9．22 t·hm-2·a-1，是木荷的1．32倍、杉木的1．97倍，年净生产力阔叶林树种大于针叶林杉木；年净固碳量黧蒴为4．12 t·hm-2·a-1，木荷为3．08 t·hm-2·a-1，分别为杉木的1．79和1．34倍；各林分生态系统乔木层同化CO2能力为黧蒴＞木荷＞杉木。阔叶树种黧蒴（25 a生）和木荷（27 a生）的林分固碳能力优于针叶树种杉木（9 a生）。

The authors have investigated the content,storage and spatial distribution of carbon in Castanop-sis fissa,Schima superba,Cunninghamia lanceolata forest ecosystems of Liuxihe Forest Farm,which is in Guang-zhou City,Guangdong Province,China.The resuts showed that average carbon concentrations of different organs were Cunninghamia lanceolata （490.99 g·kg-1 ）＆gt;Castanopsis fissa （447.1 8 g·kg-1 ）＆gt;Schima superba （442.52 g·kg-1 ）.There were differences between each organs,varied with tree organs in the same tree species.The differ-ent organs of Cunninghamia lanceolata forest decreased in the order of bark＆gt;leaf＆gt;branch＆gt;trunk＆gt;root;while it was trunk＆gt;root＆gt;bark＆gt;branch＆gt;leaf of Schima superb and leaf＆gt;trunk＆gt;branch＆gt;root＆gt;bark of Castanopsis fissa. The order of tree layer carbon storage were Castanopsis fissa （1 03.08 t·hm-2）＆gt;Schima superba （83.1 9 t·hm-2）＆gt;Cunninghamia lanceolata （20.67 t·hm-2 ）.The amount of carbon were shrub ＆gt;herb ＆gt;litter-fall layers.Soil bulk density increased along with the deepening of soils,while the carbon content declined and uneven distribu-tion.The surface layer （0 to 25 cm）soil carbon content was higher than the other layers,carbon content in the soils were Schima superb （1 54.52 t·hm-2 ）＆gt;Castanopsis fissa （1 46.75 t·hm-2 ）＆gt;Cunninghamia lanceolata （1 31 .29 t·hm-2 ）.Carbon stocks in the different components of the three forest ecosystems were in an order as：soil＆gt;vegetation＆gt;litter-fall.The annual net primary productivity was estimated to be 9 .22 t·hm-2·a-1 in the Cas-tanopsis fissa forests,which was 1 .32 times of Schima superb forests and 1 .97 times of Cunninghamia lanceolata forests.The annual carbon storage was 4.1 2 t·hm-2·a-1 of Castanopsis fissa forests and 3.08 t·hm-2·a-1 of Schi-ma superb forests,which was 1 .79 times and 1 .34 times of Cunninghamia lanceolata.The tree layer assimilation a-bility of CO2 was Castanopsis fissa ＆gt;Schima superba ＆gt;Cunninghamia lanceolata.Carbon sequestration ability of broad-leaved forests such as Castanopsis fissa （25 a）and Schima superba（27 a）was better than the coniferous for-est as Cunninghamia lanceolata （9 a）.