长期太极拳练习对老年女性平衡能力的影响

Effects of Long-Term Taiji Exercise on the Balance Ability in Older Women

目的:探讨有10年以上太极练习经验的老年女性的平衡能力,并比较与一般老年女性的差异。方法:对年龄、身高、体重相匹配的19名太极组和26名对照组的动、静态的平衡能力进行测试,包括:1)传统的单脚开、闭眼站立时间和采用芬兰产Good Balance仪器测量;2)双脚开、闭眼站立保持稳定时压力中心在左右和前后方向上的位移和速度(称静态平衡测量);3)以及同样站立情况下,身体重心按视频要求向特定方向移动时压力中心移动路线的长短和移动时间(称动态平衡测量)。结果:1)太极组比对照组的单脚开眼、闭眼站立的时间长(P=0.000、P=0.010);2)静态平衡开眼测量中,太极组的压力中心在左右和前后方向上的平均移动速度比对照组慢(P=0.030、P=0.006),移动距离比对照组短(P=0.030、P=0.006);3)在动态平衡测试中,太极组压力中心总的以及在前后、左右方向上的移动路线的长度比对照组短(P=0.008、P=0.004、P=0.027),完成移动总的时间也短(P=0.048)。结论:长期练习太极改善了老年女性动、静态平衡能力,特别对动态平衡能力的影响更加明显。

Objective： The purpose of this study is to assess the static and dynamic balance ability of older women who have 10 years of Taiji exercise experience and compare their characteristics with those of their sedentary counter- parts. Methods： The static and dynamic balance of both groups （Taiji 19; control 26） are measured through three meth- ods ： 1 ） counting the time of single - leg stance time with eyes open （SLO） and closed （ SLC）, 2 ） measuring sway of the center of pressure （COP） during static standing on Good Balance （ Mertitus, Finland） platform with eyes open and closed, and 3 ） measuring sway of COP during static standing on Good Balance platform while leaning body in three spe- cific directions. Results ： 1 ） the Taiji group shows a longer time of SLO and SLC than the control group （ P = 0. 000, P = 0. 010）. 2）. The sway velocity of COP in mediolaterai and anterioposterior direction is slower （P = 0. 030, P =0. 06） and the sway distance in both directions are shorter （ P = 0. 030, P = 0.06） in Taiji than in the control group. 3 ） Compared with control group, the Taiji group indicates shorter total and anterioposterior and mediolateral route （ P = 0. 008, P = 0. 004, P = 0. 027） and shorter time spent （ （P = 0. 048） during dynamic balance test. Conclusion： Long -term Taiji exercise improves balance ability, especially dynamic balance, in older women.