发酵五味子药渣对断奶仔猪小肠黏膜的形态及免疫的影响

Effects of fermented dregs of Schisandra chinensis on intestinal morphology and mucosal immunity of weaned piglets

选用90头DLY(杜×长×大)断奶仔猪(28日龄),随机分为5组:空白对照组,饲喂基础日粮;阳性对照组(0.5%SC组),饲喂基础日粮+0.5%北五味子;0.1%FSD组,饲喂基础日粮+0.1%发酵五味子药渣;0.3%FSD组,饲喂基础日粮+0.3%发酵五味子药渣;0.5%FSD组,饲喂基础日粮+0.5%发酵五味子药渣。每天记录5组猪的腹泻情况以及采食量,计算腹泻率和料肉比,并于试验第7、14、21天,分别采集空白对照组、0.5%SC组、5%FSD组仔猪的十二指肠、空肠、回肠中段组织以及空肠黏膜,测定肠绒毛高度,隐窝深度,肠上皮内杯状细胞、淋巴细胞数量,以及空肠黏膜分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)含量。结果表明:0.1%FSD组、0.3%FSD组、0.5%FSD组仔猪的腹泻率分别比空白对照组低13.87%、30.82%、41.72%;料肉比分别比空白对照组仔猪低1.7%、4.02%、8.6%;与空白对照组相比,0.5%SC和0.5%FSD组仔猪的小肠绒毛较完整;0.5%FSD组仔猪的十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛高度显著增加(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值(V/C)提高;0.5%FSD组仔猪肠上皮内杯状细胞及淋巴细胞数量均高于空白对照组,肠黏膜SIgA含量极显著高于空白对照组(P<0.01),0.5%FSD组与0.5%SC组各项指标的差异均没有统计学意义。

Ninety 28-day-old weaned piglets were divided randomly into 5 groups. In blank control group, piglets were fed with basal diet; in positive control group （0.5% SC group）, piglets were fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.5% Schisandra chinensis （S. chinensis）; in 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5% FSD groups, piglets were fed with basal diet respectively supplemented with 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5% fermentated dregs ofSchisandra chinensis. Diarrhea and feed intake data of piglets from the 5 groups were recorded for calculation of diarrhea rate and feed conversion ratio. Tissues from the middle part of duodenum, jejunum and ileum and jejunum mucosal of piglets from the control group, 0.5% SC group and 0.5% FSD group were collected 7, 14 and 21 days post-experiment for determination of the villus height, crypt depth, the number of intestinal epithelium cells and goblet cells and content of SIgA. The results showed that the diarrhea rate of 0.1% FSD group, 0.3% FSD group and 0.5% FSD group were respectively 13.87%, 30.82% and 41.72% lower than that of the control group; the FCR of 0.1% FSD group, 0.3% FSD group and 0.5% FSD group were respectively 1.7%, 4.02%, 8.6% lower than that of the control group. Compared to the control group, intestine villus of piglets from 0.5% SC group and 0.5% FSD group was complete; the villus height of duodenum, jejunum and ileum in piglets from 0.5% FSD group increased （P〈0.05） while the crypt depth decreased （P〈0.05）, and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth was increased. The number of goblet cells and lymphocyte cells were higher, and the SIgA levels were extremely higher （P〈0.01） in intestine of piglets from 0.5% FSD group compared with the control group. And there had no significant difference in indexes mentioned above between 0.5% SC group and 0.5% FSD group.