台湾民族节俗与汉人节俗中的政府行为比较——以台湾原住民丰年祭节俗与汉人祭神民俗节庆为例

A Comparative Study on Governmental Behaviors in Taiwan Indigenous groups' and Han Ethnic Group's Festival culture —— A Case of Amis' and Atayal's “Harvest Festival” and Han Ethnic Group's “God's Parade”

在台湾现代生活中,节庆习俗是全台湾历史民俗文化遗产民间行为传承保护得比较完好的文化事象。但近十余年,台湾少数民族节俗在当地政府的支持与参与下,经过商业开发,许多节俗原真性的文化内涵逐步消失或正在消失。相反,自古至今一直由民间行为传承的台湾汉人民俗节日,却一直红红火火进行,且有声势浩大、形式多样的走势。作者带领"闽台历史民俗文化资源调查"课题组两年中多次赴台考察获得田野资料,据此对台湾少数民族和汉人的民俗节庆进行对比研究,将台湾少数民族民俗节日中最盛大的丰年祭与包括客家人、闽南人、光复后入台的汉族在内的汉人节庆习俗进行比较,分析台湾政府在民间民俗节庆中的定位与责任问题,探讨海峡两岸在历史民俗节庆文化遗产保护与传承中共同存在并亟待解决的问题。

In Taiwan modern life, festival custom is well preserved and inherited by local communities. But in the past ten years, being supported and intervened by local government and developed in commercialization, many Taiwan indigenous groups’ festivals are losing their authenticity. On the contrary, Taiwan Han ethnic group’s festivals remain prosperous and have developed variously in forms. By comparing Harvest Festival and Parades of Mazu, Guandi, Town god, this paper intends to analyze government’s role and responsibility in festival culture preservation and discuss the problems of cross-strait historic festival culture protection and inheritance.